Background: Male age significantly affects semen parameters. However, there is no evidence on the impact of
aging on semen quality in men residing in Libreville, Gabon. Objective: To determine the effects of age on semen quality of patients visiting the Reproductive Laboratory at the Academic Hospital Mère
Enfant located in Libreville, Gabon. Methods: This descriptive and prospective study was performed between the 1st of
October 2021 and 30st of September 2022. This study involved patients who had
semen analysis as part of fertility check-up. Semen analysis was
performed following the World Health
Organization, 2010 guidelines. Semen parameters such as volume,
leucocytes count, sperm concentration, sperm motility, norml morphology and
vitality were used in the current study. Descriptive statistics were performed.
The Chi-square test and the Fisher test were used as statistical tools for the
analysis of data. The ROC curve was used to illustrate the data. Results: A
total of 148 patients were included in the study. Male infertility prevalence
was 77.03%. The average age was 41 years with minimum and maximum of 24 and 61
years respectively. Secondary infertility was predominant (66.9%). Patients
displaying asthenozoospermia (22.3%) followed by those displaying oligoasthenozoospermia (OAT) isolated (1.4%) or not (11.6%)
were the most frequent semen parameter abnormalities. Men aged more than 45
years were 4.4 times likely to have abnormal semen parameters. Odd = 4.4 (IC
95% = [3.3 - 14.7]). Staphylococcushaemolyticus infection was more
prevalent. Conclusion: Male age was found to significantly influence
semen quality.
References
[1]
Njagi, P., Groot, W., Arsenijevic, J., Dyer, S., Mburu, G. and Kiarie, J. (2023) Financial Costs of Assisted Reproductive Technology for Patients in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Human Reproduction Open, 2023, hoad007.
https://doi.org/10.1093/hropen/hoad007
[2]
Azonbakin, S., Dangbemey, P., Osseni, R., et al. (2021) Enquête ethnobotanique sur les plantes utilisées dans le traitement de l’infertilité masculine au Benin. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 15, 1667-1677.
https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i4.28
[3]
Sangare, S.L. (2021) Contribution à l’étude des aspects étiologiques de l’infertilité masculine à la clinique FARAKO de Bamako. Ph.D. Thesis, Université de Bamako, Bamako, 85 p.
[4]
Diao, B., Sy, M.R., et al. (2012) Varicocèle et infertilité masculine. Basic and Clinical Andrology, 22, 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12610-012-0157-9
[5]
Fouda, J.C., Mekeme Mekeme, J.B. and Owon’Abessolo, P.F. (2023) Aspects paracliniques de l’infertilité masculine à l’Hopital Central de Yaoundé. African Urology, 3, 27a-27d.
[6]
Nieschlag, E. and Behre, H.M. (1996) Andrology: Male Reproductive Health and Dysfunction. Springer, Berlin, 4-18.
[7]
Chen, Z., Toth, T., Godfrey-Bailey, L., Mercedat, N., Schiff, I. and Hausser, R. (2003) Seasonal Variation an Age-Related Change in Human Semen Parameters. Journal of Andrology, 24, 226-231. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02666.x
[8]
Harris, I.D., Fronczak, C., Roth, L. and Meacham, R.B. (2011) Fertility and the Aging Male. Reviews in Urology, 13, 184-190.
[9]
Johnson, S.L., Dunleavy, J., Gemmell, N.J., Nakagawa, S. (2015) Consistent Age- Dependent Declines in Human Semen Quality: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Ageing Research Reviews, 19, 22-33.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2014.10.007
[10]
Li, W.N., Jia, M.M. and Peng, Y.Q. (2019) Semen Quality Pattern and Age Threshold: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of 71,623 Infertile Men in China, between 2011 and 2017. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 17, 1-12.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-019-0551-2
[11]
Shabani, K., Hosseini, S., Mohammad khani, A.G. and Moghbelinejad, S. (2017) The Effects of Semen Parameters and Age on Sperm Motility of Iranian Men. Global Journal of Fertility and Research, 2, 024-029. https://doi.org/10.17352/gjfr.000008
[12]
Sunanda, P., Babita, P., Chidananda, D., Padhy, R.N. and Routray, P. (2014) Effect of Age and Abstinence on Semen Quality: A Retrospective Study in a Teaching Hospital. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 3, 134-141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2305-0500(14)60017-8
[13]
Borght, M.V. and Wyns, C. (2018) Fertility and Infertility: Definition and Epidemiology. Clinical Biochemistry, 62, 2-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.03.012
[14]
Bongaarts, J. and Casterline, J. (2012) Fertility Transition: Is Sub-Saharan Africa Different? Population and Development Review, 38, 153-168.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2013.00557.x
[15]
Agarwal, A., Mulgund, A., Hamada, A., et al. (2015) A Unique View on Male Infertility around the Globe. Biology and Endocrinology, 13, Article No. 37.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-015-0032-1
[16]
Halidou, M., Amadou Magagi, I. and Zakou, A.R.H. (2022) Infertilité Masculine à l’Hopital National de Zinder: Aspects épidémiologiques et Cliniques. Health Sciences and Diseases, 23, 85-89.
[17]
Ndoua, N., Belinga, E., Tchibeb, L., et al. (2019) Evaluation de la participation masculine dans l’infertilité du couple au CRACERH. Journées Médicales de la polyclinique El Rapha.
[18]
Niang, L., Ndoye, M., Labou, I., et al. (2009) Profil épidémiologique et clinique de l’infertilité masculine à l’hopital général de Grand-Yoff, Sénégal: à propos de 492 cas. Basic and Clinical Andrology, 19, 103-107.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12610-009-0019-x
[19]
Direction Générale de la Statistique. (2022) Résultats globaux du Recensement Général de la Population et des Logements de 2013 DU Gabon (RGPL2013).
https://statgabon.ga/
[20]
Gabon Media Time. (2016) Célibat, union libre et mariage: Les chiffres. Gabon Media Time (blog).
https://www.gabonmediatime.com/celibat-union-libre-et-mariage-les-chiffres/
[21]
Mohammed, F., Benaissa, M., Kasouati, J., et al. (2021) Prévalence de L’infertilité Masculine Dans Un Hopital Universitaire Au Maroc. The Pan African Medical Journal, 38, Article 46. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.46.19633
[22]
Matumo, P., Bunduki, G., Kamwira, I., et al. (2020) Anomalies du spermogramme en consultations prénuptiales et dans les couples infertiles à Butembo, République Démocratique du Congo. The Pan African Medical Journal, 37, Article 155.
https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.37.155.25380
[23]
Judith, B., Chan., M.-F., Dowsett, M., et al. (2011) Cigarette Smoking and Endogenous Sex Hormones in Postmenopausal Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 96, 3184-3192. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-1165
[24]
Tweed, J.O., Hsia, S., Lutfy, K. and Friedman, T. (2012) The Endocrine Effects of Nicotine and Cigarette Smoke. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 23, 334-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2012.03.006
[25]
Aitken, R.J. and Curry, B.J. (2011) Redox Regulation of Human Sperm Function: From the Physiological Control of Sperm Capacitation to the Etiology of Infertility and DNA Damage in the Germ Line. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 14, 367-381.
https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2010.3186
[26]
Ellegaard, P.K. and Poulsen, H.E. (2016) Tobacco Smoking and Oxidative Stress to DNA: A Meta-Analysis of Studies Using Chromatographic and Immunological Methods. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 76, 151-158. https://doi.org/10.3109/00365513.2015.1127407
[27]
Mohammed, F., Benaissa, M., Kasouati, J., et al. (2021) Prévalence de L’infertilité Masculine Dans Un H?pital Universitaire Au Maroc. The Pan African Medical Journal, 38, Article 46. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2021.38.46.19633
[28]
Benksim, A., Elkhoudri, N., AitAddi, R., et al. (2018) Difference between Primary and Secondary Infertility in Morocco: Frequencies and Associated Factors. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 12, 142-146.
[29]
Tetsatsi, A.C.M., Munyali, D.A., et al. (2020) Semen Quality among Men Attending Urology Services in the Dschang Health District, West Cameroon: A Retrospective Study on 379 Cases. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine, 18, 121-128. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijrm.v18i2.6419
[30]
Ayekoue, J.E.H., et al. (2018) The Asthenozoospermia as a Major Sperm Abnormality in Males Assessed for Semen Analysis in Institut Pasteur of Cote d’Ivoire. Journal of Advanced Research in Medical Science and Technology, 4, 7-12.
https://doi.org/10.32598/jamsat.4.1.7
[31]
Kidd, S.A., Eskenazi, B. and Wyrobek, A.J. (2001) Effects of Male Age on Semen Quality and Fertility: A Review of the Literature. Fertility and Sterility, 75, 237-248.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-0282(00)01679-4
[32]
Kumar, N., Singh, A.K. and Choudhari, A.R. (2017) Impact of Age on Semen Parameters in Male Partners of Infertile Couples in a Rural Tertiary Care Center of Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine, 15, 497-502.
[33]
Toukam, M., Voundi, V., Ella, E. and Noa, N. (2019) Anomalies spermatiques des hommes suivis pour infertilité du couple au Centre Hospitalier de Recherche et d’Application en Chirurgie Endoscopique et Reproduction Humaine, Cameroun (CHRACERH) Journées Médicales de la polyclinique El Rapha.
