全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Unified Understanding of Cosmological Energy Fields: Exploring Gravitation, Repulsion, and More

DOI: 10.4236/ns.2023.1511020, PP. 263-284

Keywords: Cause of Gravitation, Cause of Repulsion, Model of Entity, Unified Theory, Multi-Disciplinary Approach

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

First, we develop a unitary process that can explain all four physical activations: electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic force, repulsion, and attraction. Second, it is clarified that cosmological and physical entities relate to different levels of existence in the universe and, hence, cannot be considered under the same paradigm. We know that biological entities use physical substances as executants; analogously, physical entities use cosmological substances as executants. Therefore, we have introduced new terms for the cosmological substances used as executants in physical activities. Third, this study introduces the primary elements of the cosmological world, such as visibility, forcibility, fullness, and hollowness, and defines them according to their attributes. This study explains how different combinations and placements of primary elements create different cosmological fields. These fields are used in all physical activations. Finally, we explain the entity model and how all physical activations occur. This study concludes that all physical activations use primary elements and follow the same universal law. Therefore, this study addresses the untouched subject of the creation of repulsion and attraction (gravitation). Furthermore, it addresses several cosmic mysteries that are yet to be resolved.

References

[1]  Peacock, K.A. (2008) The Quantum Revolution: A Historical Perspective. Greenwood Press, Westport.
[2]  López, C. (2020) De Broglie Waves. Open Access Library Journal, 7, e6100.
[3]  Gamini Piyadasa, C.K. (2020) Antigravity, an Answer to Nature’s Phenomena Including the Expansion of the Universe. Advances in High Energy Physics, 2020, Article ID: 9315491.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9315491
[4]  Agrawal, P.K. (2021) Structure of Space Fabric. Natural Science, 13, 477-490.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2021.1312041
[5]  Chang, Y.F. (2020) Development of Entropy Change in Philosophy of Science. Philosophy Study, 10, 517-524.
https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5313/2020.09.001
[6]  Agrawal, P.K. (2021) Philosophical Approach to Space Fabric and Propagation of Light. Natural Science, 13, 457-468.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2021.1310038
[7]  Holguín, B. (2022) Thinking, Guessing, and Believing. Philosophers’ Imprint, 22, Article No. 6.
https://doi.org/10.3998/phimp.2123
[8]  Agrawal, P.K. (2020) Psychological Model of Phonosemantics. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 49, 453-474.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-020-09701-y
[9]  Kelly, T. (2016) Evidence. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Edition.
https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/evidence
[10]  Lewis, G. (2014) Where’s the Proof in Science? There Is None. The Conversation.
https://theconversation.com/wheres-the-proof-in-science-there-is-none-30570
[11]  Lehrer, K. (1975) Reviews. Metaphilosophy, 6, 193-209.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9973.1975.tb00247.x
[12]  Agrawal, P.K. (2021) An Alternative Approach toward the Origin of the Universe. Philosophy and Cosmology, 27, 5-21.
https://doi.org/10.29202/phil-cosm/27/1
[13]  Madeleine, O. (2019) Massless Particles Can’t Be Stopped. Symmetry, Dimensions of Particle Physics.
https://www.symmetrymagazine.org/article/massless-particles-cant-be-stopped
[14]  Rugh, S.E. and Zinkernagel, H. (2002) The Quantum Vacuum and the Cosmological Constant Problem. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B, 33, 663-705.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1355-2198(02)00033-3
[15]  Nieh, H.T. (1972) Size of Photons. Physics Letters B, 38, 100-104.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(72)90750-2
[16]  Vasilev, G.S., Ljunggren, D. and Kuhn, A. (2010) Single Photons Made-to-Measure. New Journal of Physics, 12, Article ID: 063024.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/063024
[17]  University of Bristol (2012) One Real Mystery of Quantum Mechanics: Physicists Devise New Experiment.
https://phys.org/news/2012-11-real-mystery-quantum-mechanics-physicists.html
[18]  Perkowitz, S. (2023) Bose-Einstein Condensate. Encyclopaedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/science/Bose-Einstein-condensate
[19]  Geller, K.N. and Kollarits, R. (1972) Experiment to Measure the Increase in Electron Mass with Velocity. American Journal of Physics, 40, 1125-1130.
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.1986771
[20]  Cain, F. (2014) Does Light Experience Time?
https://phys.org/news/2014-05-does-light-experience-time.html
[21]  Kwiat, P.G. and Hardy, L. (2000) The Mystery of the Quantum Cakes. American Journal of Physics, 68, 33-36.
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.19369
[22]  Barrow, J.D. (2002) Cosmology: A Matter of All and Nothing. Astronomy and Geophysics, 43, 4.8-4.15.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-4004.2002.43408.x
[23]  HSI Sensing Team (2017) How Does Temperature Affect Magnetism. HSI Sensing.
https://hsisensing.com/temperature-affect-magnetism/
[24]  Robert, O. (1968) The Two-Slit Experiment and ‘One Mystery’ of Quantum Mechanics. The Information Philosopher.
https://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/experiments/two-slit_experiment
[25]  Agrawal, P.K. (2023) A Philosophical Approach toward Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. Natural Science, 15, 48-65.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2023.152005
[26]  Towell, G. (2020) What Are 3 Similarities between Magnets and Electricity? SCIENCING.
https://sciencing.com/3-similarities-between-magnets-electricity-8105339.html
[27]  National Aeronautics and Space Administration, & Science Mission Directorate (2010) Anatomy of an Electromagnetic Wave. NASA Science Website.
http://science.nasa.gov/ems/02_anatomy
[28]  Sbitnev, V.I. and Fedi, M. (2017) Superfluid Quantum Space and Evolution of the Universe. In: Capistrano, A., Ed., Trends in Modern Cosmology, IntechOpen, London.
https://doi.org/10.5772/68113
[29]  Solà, J. (2013) Cosmological Constant and Vacuum Energy: Old and New Ideas. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 453, Article ID: 012015.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/453/1/012015
[30]  Agrawal, P.K. (2022) Evolution and Structure of Elementary Physical Particles. Natural Science, 14, 328-342.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2022.148030
[31]  Agrawal, P.K. (2022) Nature of Existence and Essence of Time in Existence. Natural Science, 14, 203-216.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2022.145020
[32]  Adler, R.J., Casey, B. and Jacob, O.C. (1995) Vacuum Catastrophe: An Elementary Exposition of the Cosmological Constant Problem. American Journal of Physics, 63, 620-626.
https://doi.org/10.1119/1.17850
[33]  Dunning, D. and Balcetis, E. (2013) Wishful Seeing: How Preferences Shape Visual Perception. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 33-37.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412463693
[34]  Pogosyan (2019) Why We See What We Want to See. Psychology Today.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/between-cultures/201907/why-we-see-what-we-want-see
[35]  Charles, D. (2021) Perception, Desire, and Action: Inextricably Embodied Subjects. Oxford Academic, Oxford.
https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198869566.003.0007
[36]  Agrawal, P.K. (2019) Ancient Indian Philosophy and Modern Science.
http://universaltheoryonline.com/category/books-published
[37]  Britannica, T. (2022) Thermal Radiation. Encyclopedia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/science/thermal-radiation
[38]  Baird, C.S. (2116) Is It Possible to Create Magnetic Waves?
https://www.wtamu.edu/~cbaird/sq/2016/01/13/is-it-possible-to-create-magnetic-waves/#
[39]  Ball, D.W. (2006) Field Guide to Spectroscopy. SPIE Press, Bellingham.
https://doi.org/10.1117/3.682726
[40]  Purdy, S.R. (2016) Spaces of Visibility and Identity. Undergraduate Honors Thesis, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City.
[41]  Dobrijevic, D. and Howell, E. (2022) What Is the Cosmic Microwave Background.
https://www.space.com/33892-cosmic-microwave-background.html
[42]  Wolchover, N. (2020) The Hidden Magnetic Universe Begins to Come into View.
https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-hidden-magnetic-universe-begins-to-come-into-view-20200702/
[43]  Kastner, R.E. and Kauffman, S. (2018) Are Dark Energy and Dark Matter Different Aspects of the Same Physical Process? Frontiers in Physics, 6, Article 71.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2018.00071
[44]  Ureña-López, L.A. (2019) Brief Review on Scalar Field Dark Matter Models. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 6, Article 438500.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2019.00047
[45]  Crookes, W. (1875) Attraction and Repulsion Caused by Radiation. Nature, 12, 125.
https://doi.org/10.1038/012125a0
[46]  Alexandersson, I. (2011) Comet Ion Tail Observations Far from the Nucleus.
https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:406495/FULLTEXT02
[47]  Webb, D.F. and Howard, T.A. (2012) Coronal Mass Ejections: Observations. Living Reviews in Solar Physics, 9, Article No. 3.
https://doi.org/10.12942/lrsp-2012-3
[48]  Chen, J. (2017) Physics of Erupting Solar Flux Ropes: Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)—Recent Advances in Theory and Observation. Physics of Plasmas, 24, Article ID: 090501.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4993929
[49]  Schewe, P.F. (2010) Gravity at Small Scales Remains a Mystery. Livestock Science.
https://www.livescience.com/8789-gravity-small-scales-remains-mystery.html
[50]  Beaz, J. (2011) What’s the Energy Density of the Vacuum?
https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/vacuum.html
[51]  Mann, A. (2021) What Is the Cosmological Constant? Livestock Science.
https://www.livescience.com/cosmological-constant.html

Full-Text

comments powered by Disqus

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133

WeChat 1538708413