基于双锥结构的小型时域脉冲天线设计
Designing of a Miniature Time Domain Pulse Antenna Based on the Biconical Structure

超宽带时域天线作为实现超宽带无线电系统和高功率微波系统脉冲辐射的终端器件，直接影响了整个系统性能的好坏。不同于常规的载波信号通信天线，时域脉冲天线必须具备短脉冲波辐射能力和良好的波形保真性。为此，本文设计了一种小型化、加载介质套筒的双锥时域脉冲辐射天线，其工作带宽覆盖1.7~40 GHz。相对于传统的双锥天线，扩展了工作带宽并增强了结构稳固性。介绍了双锥天线的基本原理，采用电磁分析软件CST Microwave Studio对天线结构进行了建模分析并加工了实物进行测试。仿真结果和测试结果表明，天线在频带范围内驻波比小于2.5，H面频域方向图和时域方向图均有良好全向性，短脉冲信号波形保真度在E面20？~160？范围内大于90%。
Ultra-wideband time domain antennas as the terminal device to realize the ultra-wideband radio system and high-power microwave system pulse radiation, which directly affect the performance of the whole system. Different from the conventional carrier signal communication antennas, the time domain pulse antennas must have short pulse wave radiation capability and good waveform fidelity. Thus, this paper introduces a miniaturized, dielectric sleeve-loaded biconical time-domain pulse radiation antenna with an operating bandwidth covering 1.7~40 GHz. Compared with the tradition-al biconical antennas, the operating bandwidth is extended and the structural stability is enhanced. The basic principle of biconical antenna is introduced, and the antenna structure is modeled and analyzed by the electromagnetic analysis software CST Microwave Studio. The antenna is fabricated and measured. The simulation results and measured results show that the VSWR of the antenna is less than 2.5 in the band range, the H-plane frequency domain pattern and the time domain pattern have good omnidirectionality, and the fidelity of the short pulse signal waveform is greater than 90% in the range of 20？~160？ in the E-plane.