论数据立法管辖权的域外扩张与冲突
Analysis on the Extraterritorial Expansion and Conflict of Digital Prescriptive Jurisdiction

欧盟与美国相继颁布GDPR与CLOUD法案，暗含不同种类的数据立法管辖权域外扩张，体现了双方争夺全球数据治理领域的话语权，寻求以自身标准构建全球数据治理的话语体系的目的。虽然我国坚持对境内处理数据管辖，尊重他国境内数据处理主权，但是在数字经济背景下，数据在全球范围内跨国界的流动，跨境流动数据的管辖权域外扩张必将影响到他国的境内数据管辖权，故我国也难以置身事外。因此，针对包括美国、欧盟、第三国在内的多方管辖权冲突，我国也应当积极主动地参与全球数据治理，以双边谈判的形式寻求数据立法的域外适用，同时完善本国国内法律，对信息分类处理，保护数据主权与国家安全。
European Union and the United States promulgate GDPR and CLOUD Act one after another, implying different kinds of extraterritorial expansion of data legislation jurisdiction, reflecting the two sides scramble for the discourse right in the field of global data governance, seeking to establish the discourse system of global data governance with their own standards. Although we adhere to the jurisdiction over data processed within the territory of our country and respect the sovereignty of domestic data processing of other countries, in the context of the digital economy, data flows across borders all over the world and the extraterritorial expansion of jurisdiction over cross-border flow of data will definitely affect the jurisdiction over domestic data of other countries, so we cannot stay out of it. Therefore, with respect to multi-jurisdictional conflicts including the United States, the European Union and third countries, China should actively participate in global data governance, seek the extraterritorial application of data legislation in the form of bilateral negotiation, and at the same time improve its domestic laws, classify and process information, and protect data sovereignty and national security.