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结直肠进展期腺瘤的研究进展
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Abstract:
结直肠癌(CRC)是目前全球范围内发病率第三位的恶性肿瘤，通常起源于结直肠腺瘤。结直肠进展期腺瘤是指直径 ≥ 10 mm和(或)至少有25%的绒毛结构和(或)伴有高度异型增生的腺瘤，是结直肠癌CRC发生发展的最具特征性的癌前病变。因此，早期识别和切除这些病变，以及定期结肠镜检查是CRC防控策略的核心关键。本文我们将介绍结直肠进展期腺瘤危险因素、更新其恶变分子机制、早期诊断及治疗等方面，为提高对于该病变的认识及预防结直肠癌的发展提供新的参考。
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide, which usually origi-nates from colorectal adenoma. Advanced colorectal adenoma refers to adenoma with diameter ≥ 10 mm and/or at least 25% villous structure and/or high-grade dysplasia, which is the most char-acteristic precancerous lesion in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. Therefore, early identification and removal of these lesions, together with regular colonoscopy, are the core keys of CRC prevention and control strategies. In this article, we will introduce the risk factors of advanced colorectal adenoma, update the molecular mechanism of malignant transformation, early diagnosis and treatment, so as to provide a new reference for improving the understanding of this lesion and preventing the development of colorectal cancer.
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