农业面源污染负荷分析方法研究进展
Research Progress on Pollution LoadAnalysis Method of AgriculturalNon-Point Source

农业增长依赖于生产要素的集约投入，这种高产、低效、高投入的农业模式在水环境中造成了严重的面源污染问题，其中农业面源污染威胁最大。本文通过系统性梳理国内外对于农业面源污染负荷分析的方法，并重点阐述了我国农业面源污染负荷现场监测与模型模拟的发展方向，为我国农业高质量发展和生态文明建设提供借鉴。通过构建基于大数据平台的农业面源污染在线监测系统，开展对农业面源污染风险源的静态评估，建立集现场监测与模型模拟为一体的农业面源污染负荷分析体系，是实现国家“绿水青山就是金山银山”和“粮食安全”战略的关键手段，是保障我国农业高质量发展的必需要素。
Agricultural growth depends on the intensive input of production factors. This high-yield, low-efficiency, and high-input agricultural model causes serious non-point source pollution in the water environment, among which agricultural non-point source pollution is the biggest threat. This paper systematically compares the domestic and foreign methods for the analysis of agricultural non-point source pollution load, and focuses on the development direction of China’s agricultural non-point source pollution load on-site monitoring and model simulation, so as to provide references for the high-quality development of China’s agriculture and the construction of ecological civilization. By constructing a real-time online monitoring system based on a big data platform for agricultural non-point source pollution, the static assessment of agricultural non-point source pollution risk sources is carried out, and the establishment of an agricultural non-point source pollution load analysis system integrating on-site monitoring and model simulation is a key means to realize the national strategy of “clear water and green mountains are gold hills and silver mountains” and “food security”. It is an essential element to ensure the high-quality development of agriculture in our country.