多台全站仪实现隧道自动化监测应用与分析
Application and Analysis of Tunnel Automatic Monitoring with Multiple Total Stations

为了监测地铁保护区内大型基坑施工对临近地铁隧道造成的变形，可以使用多台全站仪组成联测系统。实施方案是在独立工作的全站仪之间设置偏置棱镜和背靠背棱镜，保持偏置棱镜与设站点之间的相对位置关系以及背靠背的两个棱镜之间的相对位置关系不变。通过这些相对关系作为限制条件进行间接平差计算，将所有全站仪的测量统一至同一坐标系下，实现多台全站仪的联测。监测实例表明，这种多台自动化全站仪联测系统稳定可靠，并能真实反映隧道的变形情况。
In order to monitor the deformation caused by the construction of large foundation pits in the sub-way protection zone on adjacent subway tunnels, multiple total stations can be used to form a joint measurement system. The implementation plan is to set up bias prisms and back-to-back prisms between independent working total stations, maintaining the relative position relationship be-tween the bias prisms and the designated stations, as well as the relative position relationship be-tween the two prisms in a back-to-back manner. By using these relative relationships as limiting conditions for indirect adjustment calculations, the measurement of all total stations is unified into the same coordinate system, achieving joint measurement of multiple total stations. The monitoring examples show that this multiple-station automatic total station joint measurement system is sta-ble and reliable, and can truly reflect the deformation situation of the tunnel.