数据信托理论置于告知同意制度的突破与难题
The Breakthrough and Difficulty of the Data Trust Theory in the System of Inform-Consent

告知同意制度作为信息处理活动的正当性基础之一，虽然在实践中得到了广泛运用，但是施行效果却差强人意。隐私协议载体下，信息主体无法满足告知同意制度的“理性人”设想。在信息不平等关系中，告知同意制度既无法保障信息主体的实际知情，也无法保障其主观上的真实同意，该制度趋于形式化。数据信托理论的引入跳脱出了告知同意制度所带来的“信息主体–信息处理者”的双主体权利义务规制路径，一定程度上改善了双方的信息不平等关系。但是并没有改变告知同意制度的存在根本，只是将信息主体与处理者间的告知同意转嫁到了信息主体与信托人之间。此外，我国缺乏数据信托实践运用的理论基础和现实条件，数据信托理论在中国的发展道路依然任重道远。
As one of the legitimate bases of information processing activities, the system of inform-consent has been widely used in practice, but the implementation effect is not satisfactory. Under the privacy protocol, the information subject cannot satisfy the “rational person” assumption of the consent system. In the relationship of information inequality, the system of inform-consent can neither guarantee the actual knowledge of the information subject nor guarantee its subjective consent, so the system faces this formalization problem. The introduction of the data trust theory breaks away from the two-subject rights and obligations regulation path of “information subject-information processor” brought about by the inform-consent system, and improves the information inequality relationship between the two parties to a certain extent. However, it does not change the fundamental existence of the system of inform-consent, but transfers the informed consent between the information subject and the processor to the information subject and the trustee. In addition, China lacks the theoretical basis and realistic conditions for the practical application of data trust, and the development of data trust theory in China still has a long way to go.