以保护法益角度论收买被拐卖妇女、儿童罪的刑事责任
On the Criminal Responsibility of the Crime of Buying Abducted Women and Children from the Perspective of Protecting Legal Interests

收买被拐卖妇女、儿童罪的保护法益不能仅仅定性于人身不可买卖性、个人的人格尊严、人身自由等单一法益。对于该罪保护法益的定性，直接影响到司法机关执法时对该类犯罪的认识及惩戒力度。买卖人口犯罪违反了社会一般道德准则，损害了社会文明的基本伦理，也违反了宪法原则、自然法以及法律规定的人身不可买卖禁令，严重侵犯了被买卖者的人格尊严。买卖人口除了把特定受害者工具化、物化和商品化以外，还会对整个人类社会造成威胁，使得大家都面临着被普遍工具化、物化和商品化的风险，从而引发了共情焦虑。该罪不仅侵犯了被收买者的人格尊严，同时也侵犯了人类全体的人格尊严，故该罪的保护法益是复合法益。同时，基于罪行均衡原则，应当在此基础上适当提高收买人口犯罪的法定刑。此外，设置收买被拐卖妇女罪的情节加重犯，将收买行为之后实施的侵犯被害人人格尊严或其他人身权益、但达不到犯罪的行为作为收买犯罪的情节加重犯，较为合理。
The legal benefits of the crime of buying and selling abducted women and children cannot be limited to single legal benefits such as personal non tradability, personal dignity, and personal freedom. The characterization of the protection of legal interests for this crime directly affects the judicial authorities’ understanding and punishment of this type of crime during law enforcement. The crime of buying and selling human beings violates the general moral norms of society, damages the basic ethics of social civilization, and also violates the constitutional principles, natural laws, and legal prohibitions on personal non tradability, seriously infringing on the personal dignity of the victims. In addition to instrumentalizing, objectifying, and commodifying specific victims, buying and selling people also poses a threat to the entire human society, putting everyone at risk of being widely instrumentalized, objectified, and commodified, thereby triggering empathy anxiety. This crime not only infringes on the personal dignity of the buyer, but also infringes on the overall human dignity. Therefore, the protective legal interest of this crime is compound legal interest. At the same time, based on the principle of crime balance, the statutory punishment for the crime of buying people should be appropriately increased on this basis. In addition, it is more reasonable to establish an aggravating offense for the crime of bribing women who have been abducted and trafficked, and to include any behavior that violates the victim’s personal dignity or other personal rights and interests but does not meet the criminal criteria as an aggravating offense for the crime of bribing.