基于声表面波技术的1 ps精度时间间隔测量方法研究
Research on 1 ps Precision Time Interval Measurement Based on Surface Acoustic Wave Technology

高精度时间间隔测量技术对于国民经济与国防建设意义重大。本文研究了基于声表面波带通滤波器时间内插的时间间隔测量方法，该方法利用代表事件的窄脉冲信号激励声表面波带通滤波器，随后通过两次相关运算和三次样条插值计算两事件之间的时间间隔，通过对该测量系统进行理论研究与分析，建立了测量系统数学模型和相应的误差传播模型，利用误差传播模型，着重分析了4类主要噪声引起的测量误差，并提出了减小测量误差的措施，通过仿真获得时间间隔测量单次精度达到1 ps rms时的系统参数，时间间隔测量精度为0.925 ps rms，均值为100.46 ps，结果成正态分布，仿真结果与理论值之间具有很好一致性，充分验证了该时间间隔测量系统的数学模型和误差传播模型的正确性。
High precision time interval measurement technology is of great significance to the national econ-omy and national defense construction. This paper studies the time interval measurement method based on the time interpolation of the surface acoustic wave bandpass filter. The method uses a narrow pulse signal representing the event to excite the surface acoustic wave bandpass filter, and then calculates the time interval between the two events through two correlation operations and three spline interpolation methods. The mathematical model of the measurement system and the corresponding error propagation model are established. By using the error propagation model, the measurement errors caused by 4 types of main noise are emphatically analyzed, and the measures to reduce the measurement errors are proposed. The system parameters when the single accuracy of the time interval measurement reaches 1 ps rms are obtained through simulation, and the time interval measurement accuracy is 0.925 ps rms. The mean value is 100.46 ps, and the results are normally distributed. The simulation results are in good agreement with the theoretical values, which fully verify the correctness of the mathematical model and error propagation model of the time interval measurement system.