反家暴视角下受害者民事权益的完善
Improving the Civil Rights and Interests of Victims from the Perspective of Anti Domestic Violence

家庭暴力问题自古以来都困扰着全球范围内的民众，是一项世界性难题，各个国家都制定了法律来预防、制止和纠正家庭暴力。自2016年我国颁布《反家庭暴力法》以来，家庭暴力似乎不再仅仅是家庭内部问题，而是法律所明令禁止的违法行为。同时，公众对于如何通过民事救济手段来维护自身权益的认识也发生了显著变化。《民法典》规定的离婚损害赔偿和监护人制度的撤销等条款也随着公众对家庭暴力问题的认知逐渐广泛应用。然而，随着家庭暴力民事救济制度的广泛应用，也出现了一些制度运行中的问题逐渐浮出水面。本文从反家庭暴力的视角出发，首先阐述了我国反家庭暴力法律制度的发展，其次分析了我国反家庭暴力的现状以及现有法律在人身安全保护令、精神类家庭暴力、家庭暴力的民事赔偿责任等方面的空白，认为我国在反家庭暴力的法律规制中仍然存在很大的不足，并提出相关规定的进一步完善措施，以保护家庭暴力受害者的民事权益。
The issue of domestic violence has been a global problem that has plagued people worldwide since ancient times. Each country has enacted laws to prevent, stop, and correct domestic violence. Since the promulgation of the Anti Domestic Violence Law in 2016, it seems that domestic violence is no longer just an internal issue within the family, but rather an illegal act prohibited by law. At the same time, the public’s understanding of how to protect their own rights and interests through civil remedies has also undergone significant changes. The provisions on divorce damages compensation and the revocation of the guardianship system stipulated in the Civil Code have gradually been widely applied with the public’s awareness of domestic violence issues. However, with the widespread application of the civil relief system for domestic violence, some problems in the operation of the system have gradually emerged. From the perspective of anti domestic violence, this article analyzes the current situation of anti domestic violence in China and the gaps in existing laws in terms of personal safety protection orders, mental domestic violence, and civil compensation liability for domestic violence. It proposes further improvement measures for relevant regulations to protect the civil rights and interests of victims of domestic violence.