Sinonasal Polyposis: About 60 Cases at Fann University Hospital Center, Senegal

Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the mucosa of the nasal cavities and facial sinuses. It is characterized by an oedematous, multifocal and bilateral degeneration of the nasosinus mucosa, which originates in the lateral masses of the ethmoid, where it causes the formation of smooth, gelatinous, translucent and pyriform polyp lesions. The objective of this study was to review epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical data and evaluate the results of endoscopic surgical treatment. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study on 60 patients followed at the ENT department of the Fann National University Hospital Center, from January 2010 to December 2015. All patients with sinonasal polyposis were included in the study. Results: The average age of our patients was 38 years and the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.8. In the patients’ histories, we found 18% asthma and 10% Widal’s disease. The average consultation time was 8.5 years. All patients had consulted for nasal obstruction; rhinorrhea was bilateral and found in 67.7% of cases, with olfactory disorders accounting for 50%. The CT scan performed in 58% of cases made it possible to specify the extent of the lesions; the involvement of the ethmoidal sinus was constant and extended to the other sinuses except in 2 cases. All patients had received medical treatment with local corticosteroids. Endoscopic surgical treatment was initiated in 43% of cases after failure of corticosteroid-based medical treatment. The evolution under treatment marked by the reappearance of symptoms that increased each month. At one month postoperatively, all clinical symptomatology had improved with the exception of olfactory disorders, which persisted in 3 patients. At 12 months we noted 12 cases of reappearance of nasal obstruction. Conclusion: SNP is a disease of little known etiology. The diagnosis is almost always clinical. Endoscopic surgery remains a recourse to medical treatment. For good local control, patients should be more respectful of good compliance with corticosteroid therapy.