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碳税政策下考虑航运竞争的碳减排投资决策研究
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Abstract:
碳税政策下航运企业承担随之带来的碳排放成本，从而不得不考虑投资碳减排技术降低企业碳排放，然而如何在航运企业存在竞争的情形下进行投资决策成为亟待解决的问题。以此为背景，构建一个港口与两个航运企业组成的港航供应链。分析对比无企业投资、单一企业投资、两企业投资三种情形下港航供应链成员定价和利润以及碳排放总量的变化情况。结果表明单一企业投资情形下航运企业谁投资则谁受益，两企业均投资时在某些条件下则会导致两航运企业的利润甚至低于无企业投资下的利润，同时在受到竞争环境的影响，单一投资情形下碳减排水平高于两企业投资时的减排水平。研究还发现不同竞争强度下，碳税对于不同情形下的航运企业利润的影响有所不同。
Under the carbon tax policy, shipping companies have to bear the carbon emission costs, which force them to consider investing in carbon reduction technologies to lower their carbon emissions. However, making investment decisions in the presence of competition among shipping companies remains a challenging problem. To address this issue, a port and two shipping companies are constructed to form a port-shipping supply chain. The changes in pricing, profits, and total carbon emissions of the members in the port-shipping supply chain are analyzed and compared under three scenarios: no company investment, single company investment, and investment by both companies. The results indicate that in the case of a single company investment, the company that invests benefits, while in some conditions, both shipping companies’ profits may even be lower than those without any company investment when both companies invest. Moreover, under the influence of competitive environment, the level of carbon emission reduction is higher in the scenario of a single company investment compared to when both companies invest. The study also finds that the impact of carbon tax on shipping companies’ profits varies under different levels of competition intensity.
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