江户时代堂岛米市场的官方认可与经济演变
Official Recognition and Economic Evolution of the Dōjima Rice Exchange during the Edo Period

本文分析了江户时代堂岛米市场的发展历程及其对日本经济政策的影响。文章指出，堂岛米市场不仅是江户时代大阪的米交易中心，而且其交易制度对后世产生了深远的影响，尤其是其期货交易的组织化被视为世界上首个有组织的期货交易所。文中着重分析了德川吉宗时期的享保改革，探讨了改革的经济背景、政策实施及其对堂岛米市场的影响。指出改革期间，由于稻米产量增加导致价格下跌，进而影响了幕府的财政收入。文章还探讨了堂岛米市场对社会经济发展的影响，包括其在市场干预、价格稳定及商品流通方面的作用。同时，也指出了期货交易的风险，如空米市场的交易偏离实际米交易，可能导致经济不稳定和社会动荡。综上所述，本文不仅提供了对堂岛米市场历史地位和作用的分析，还展示了其对后世期货交易体系的影响，为理解现代金融市场的起源提供了重要的历史背景。通过对堂岛米市场官方认可的研究，可以为理解江户时代特别是享保时期的商品经济发展提供新的视角和深刻的洞察。
This article analyzes the developmental trajectory of the Dōjima Rice Exchange during the Edo period and its impact on Japan’s economic policy. The study highlights that the Dōjima Rice Exchange was not only the central hub for rice trading in Osaka during the Edo period but also significantly influenced subsequent generations with its trading system. Particularly, its organized approach to futures trading is recognized as the world’s first organized futures exchange. The paper focuses on the Kyōhō Reforms during the Tokugawa Yoshimune era, examining the economic background of these reforms, their implementation, and the consequent effects on the Dōjima Rice Exchange. It notes that the increase in rice production during the reform period led to a fall in prices, adversely affecting the shogunate’s financial revenue. Furthermore, the article delves into the impact of the Dōjima Rice Exchange on socio-economic development, including its role in market intervention, price stabilization, and commodity circulation. It also highlights the risks associated with futures trading, such as the deviation of the empty rice market from actual rice trading, potentially leading to economic instability and social unrest. In summary, this paper not only provides an analysis of the historical status and role of the Dōjima Rice Exchange but also reveals its influence on sub-sequent futures trading systems, offering critical historical context for understanding the origins of modern financial markets. The study of the official recognition of the Dōjima Rice Exchange offers new perspectives and profound insights into the development of the commodity economy during the Edo period, particularly during the Kyōhō era.