Carbon was used as electronic conductive agent, and metasilicic acid lithium (Li2SiO3) as ionic conductive agent, the two factors were investigated cooperatively. We evaluated their effect by using spherical spinel LiMn2O4 which prepared ourselves as cathode material. Then Li2SiO3/carbon surface coating on LiMn2O4 (LMO/C/LSO) which Li2SiO3 inside and carbon/Li2SiO3 coated LiMn2O4 (LMO/LSO/C) were prepared, All of materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical test; spherical LiMn2O4 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and coated materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). While uncoated spinel LiMn2O4 maintained 72% of capacity in 60 cycles by the rate of 0.2C, and LMO/LSO/C showed the best electrochemical performance, 89% of the initial capacity remained after 75 cycles at 0.2C. Furthermore, the rate performance of LMO/LSO/C also improved obviously, about 30 mAh·g-1 of capacity attained at the rate of 5C, higher than LMO/C/LSO and bare LiMn
References
[1]
Jayalakshmi, M., Rao, M.M. and Scholz, F. (2003) Electrochemical Behavior of Solid Lithium Manganate (LiMn2O4) in Aqueous Neutral Electrolyte Solutions. Langmuir, 19, 8403-8408. https://doi.org/10.1021/la0340448
[2]
Cabana, J., Valdes-Solis, T., Palacin, M.R., Oro-Sole, J., Fuertes, A., Marban, G. and Fuertes, A.B. (2007) Enhanced High Rate Performance of LiMn2O4 Spinel Nanoparticles Synthesized by a Hard-Template Route. Journal of Power Sources, 166, 492-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.12.107
[3]
Luo, J.Y., Wang, Y.G., Xiong, H.M. and Xia, Y.Y. (2007) Ordered Mesoporous Spinel LiMn2O4 by a Soft-Chemical Process as a Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Chemistry of Materials, 19, 4791-4795. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0714180
[4]
He, B.-L., Bao, S.-J., Liang, Y.-Y., Zhou, W.-J., Li, H. and Li, H.-L. (2005) Electrochemical Properties and Synthesis of LiAl0.05Mn1.95O3.95F0.05 by a Solution-Based Gel Method for Lithium Secondary Battery. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 178, 897-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2005.01.015
[5]
Liu, D.Q., He, Z.Z. and Liu, X.Q. (2007) Increased Cycling Stability of AlPO4-Coated LiMn2O4 for Lithium Ion Batteries. Materials Letters, 61, 4703-4706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.03.012
[6]
Li, C., Zhang, H.P., Fu, L.J., Liu, H., Wu, Y.P., Rahm, E., Holze, R. and Wu, H.Q. (2006) Cathode Materials Modified by Surface Coating for Lithium Ion Batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 51, 3872-3883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.11.015
[7]
Lai, C.E., Ye, W.Y., Liu, H.Y. and Wang, W.J. (2009) Preparation of TiO2-Coated LiMn2O4 by Carrier Transfer Method. Ionics, 15, 389-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-008-0290-4
[8]
Arumugam, D. and Paruthimal Kalaignan, G. (2008) Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterizations of Nano-SiO2-Coated LiMn2O4 Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 624, 197-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.09.007
[9]
Lee, S., Cho, Y., Song, H.-K., Lee, K.T. and Cho, J. (2012) Carbon-Coated Single-Crystal LiMn2O4 Nanoparticle Clusters as Cathode Material for High-Energy and High-Power Lithium-Ion Batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51, 1-6.
[10]
Kang, B. and Ceder, G. (2009) The Organic Era. Nature Photonics, 3, 458. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2009.135
[11]
Zhang, L.-L., Liang, G., Peng, G., Zou, F., Huang, Y.-H., Croft, M.C. and Ignatov, A. (2012) Significantly Improved Electrochemical Performance in Li3V2(PO4)3/C Promoted by SiO2 Coating for Lithium-Ion Batteries. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 116, 12401-12408. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp301127r
[12]
Yamada, H., Oga, Y., Saruwatari, I., and Moriguchi, I. (2012) The Electrochemical Society (ECS) Local Structure and Ionic Conduction at Interfaces of Electrode and Solid Electrolytes. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 159, A380-A385. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.035204jes
[13]
Furusawa, S., Kasahara, T. and Kamiyama, A. (2009) Fabrication and Ionic Conductivity of Li2SiO3 Thin Film. Solid State Ionics, 180, 649-653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2008.12.031
[14]
He, X.M., Li, J.J., Cai, Y., Wang, Y.W., Ying, J.R., Jiang, C.Y. and Wan, C.R. (2005) Preparation of Spherical Spinel LiMn2O4 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 9, 438-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-004-0593-y
