Phytochemical Screening, Study of Acute Toxicity and Hypoglycemic and Antihyperglycemic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles from Guibourtia tessmannii (Harms) J. Leonard (Caesalpiniaceae)
According to the World Health Organization, diabetes affects
approximately 347 million people worldwide. Its management is not within the
reach of all social classes, therefore medicinal plants are still the first
resort for many populations in Africa. The biological material used in this
study was the trunk bark of Guibourtiatessmannii. 50 g of trunk bark powder were decocted in
500 ml of distilled water for 5 minutes were carried out. The method used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps) was
an organometallic bio-reduction of silver nitrate salts mediated by
various secondary metabolites contained in the plant extract. The study of the
toxicity acute was conducted according to guideline 423 of the OECD protocol.
The pharmacological activities were each carried out with 28 female rats
divided into 7 groups of four rats. It was a question for the hypoglycemic
activity of administering various doses of silver nanoparticles and other
substances to the rats thirty minutes after the carbohydrate intake and for the
anti-hyperglycemic activity of administering the same substances to the rats thirty
minutes before the carbohydrate intake. The extraction yield was 8.76%. Only
the alkaloid test was negative. After acute toxicity study, the LD50 was
greater than 2000 mg/kg. Blood sugar tests revealed that glibenclamide 5 mg/kg,
which is the reference molecule, lowered blood sugar more than the other
treatments applied in the other batches. It was followed by treatment with
silver nanoparticles at a dose of 400 μg/kg in both tests. It was therefore
concluded that silver nanoparticles from G.tessmannii are good for the
formulation of improved traditional medicines and bring up their afficacity .
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