古茶树价值评估研究
Study on the Value Assessment of Ancient Tea Tree

古茶树资源属于自然资源的重要组成部分，其价值的合理评定对促进古茶树的保护和合理利用具有重要意义。本文从古茶树价值特点出发对古茶树价值构成和价值表现进行分析，将其价值分为经济、社会、环境及生态价值四项大类及11项亚类，采用市场价值法、旅行费用法、土壤侵蚀指数法、碳税法和工业制氧法等对其价值进行货币化估算，以云南M野生古茶树居群为评估案例对其价值进行评估。结果表明：1) 经济、社会和环境价值，可以直接或间接在市场上流通，分别体现了其市场价值、机会成本及公众支付意愿；2) 生态价值占比相对较小，但其中遗传价值所蕴含的资源的独特性是其他价值的基础；3) 古茶树价值量大小随人们认知利用水平的变化而变化。本研究为探索古茶树资源资产经济估算技术思路和方法提供参考，正确认识和评估古茶树价值对积极保护和合理采摘具有重要意义。
Ancient tea tree resources constitute a significant segment of natural resources. The judicious evaluation of their worth is imperative for advocating the preservation and reasoned utilization of ancient tea trees. This paper scrutinizes the value components and value manifestations of ancient tea trees, grounded in their unique value characteristics. Based on the economic value classification method, their value is segmented into four categories and 11 subcategories, namely economic value, social value, environmental value, and ecological value. Several methods, such as market value, travel cost, soil erosion index, carbon tax, and industrial oxygen production, are employed to monetize their value. This study undertakes an evaluation of the M ancient tea tree cluster. The findings reveal that: 1) The economic, social, and environmental values of these trees can circulate either directly or indirectly within the market, thereby manifesting their inherent market value, potential opportunity costs, and the public’s willingness to contribute towards their preservation; 2) The ecological worth of these trees, although constituting a smaller proportion, is fundamental due to the unique genetic value that these resources embody; 3) The perceived value of these ancient tea trees fluctuates in response to changes in people’s understanding and utilization of these resources. This research paves the way for potential methodologies and strategies in economically appraising assets like these ancient tea tree resources. An accurate understanding and assessment of the value of these age-old tea trees carries paramount importance for their proactive conserva-tion and sustainable harvesting.