传统中国乡村治理的演变
The Evolution of Rural Governance in Traditional China

自古以来，实现乡村社会的有序治理一直是各个历史时期国家治理体系的重要内容。回顾历史，可以发现传统中国的乡村治理模式具有明显的阶段性。在参考相关研究的基础上，本文将传统中国乡村治理的演变分为三个主要阶段：商朝至战国时期的井田制，秦汉至唐代的“三老”制度，以及唐代至清朝“绅权”的地位变化，并对每个阶段的制度模式进行了深入分析。总体而言，传统中国乡村治理的演进是一个持续变化和发展的过程，不同的历史时期有着独特的治理模式和特色，这对当今以及未来中国乡村治理都有一定的借鉴意义。
Since ancient times, realizing the orderly governance of rural society has been an important element of the national governance system in all historical periods. Looking back at history, it can be found that the rural governance model of traditional China has obvious stages. On the basis of relevant studies, this paper divides the evolution of traditional Chinese rural governance into three main stages: the well-field system from the Shang Dynasty to the Warring States Period, the “three old men” system from the Qin-Han to the Tang Dynasty, and the change in the status of “gentry” from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, and provides an in-depth analysis of the institutional model of each stage. The institutional patterns of each stage are analyzed in depth. Overall, the evolution of traditional Chinese rural governance is a process of continuous change and development, and different historical periods have unique governance modes and characteristics, which have certain reference significance for today’s as well as future Chinese rural governance.