基于倾向性评分匹配的社区老年人认知衰弱的影响因素分析
Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Cognitive Frailty among Elderly People in the Community Based on Propensity Score Matching

唐山市社区991名老年人为研究对象，采用一般资料调查问卷、社区老年人数字健康素养评估量表、衰弱量表、临床痴呆评定量表等量表进行相关资料收集并对资料进行影响因素分析。结果：本调查中认知衰弱的发生率为29.47%。以年龄、性别、婚姻状况、居住状况、受教育程度、月收入7个可能混杂因素为协变量进行匹配，共198对调查对象匹配成功。匹配后的logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示数字健康素养、慢病情况、睡眠情况、营养状况、抑郁是认知衰弱的影响因素(均P < 0.05)。结论：老年人慢病情况、睡眠情况、营养状况、抑郁、数字健康素养与老年人认知衰弱的发生有关，在社区卫生服务中可根据老年人相关情况做出针对性干预措施。
Objective: Analyze the influencing factors of cognitive decline among elderly people in the community and provide a scientific basis for a more effective reduction of cognitive frailty Methods: 991 elderly people in the community of Tangshan City were selected as the research subjects. Relevant data were collected using general information survey questionnaires, community elderly digital health literacy assessment scales, frailty scales, clinical dementia assessment scales, and other scales, and influencing factors were analyzed. Results: The incidence of cognitive impairment in this survey is 29.47%. A total of 198 pairs of survey subjects were successfully matched using 7 possible confounding factors, including age, gender, marital status, residential status, education level, and monthly income, as covariates. The matched logistic regression analysis model showed that digital health literacy, chronic disease status, sleep status, nutritional status, and depression were the influencing factors of cognitive decline (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Chronic disease, sleep, nutritional status, depression, and digital health literacy of the elderly are related to the occurrence of cognitive decline. Targeted intervention measures can be taken in community health services based on the relevant situation of the elderly.