青年流动人口变迁趋势分析
Analysis on the Changing Trend of Young Floating Population

本文使用历年流动人口动态监测调查数据，围绕流动青年的人口社会学、就业经济、流动历程和社会融入四方面特征，对2010~2018年九年间18~35岁青年流动人口变迁趋势展开了分析。研究发现，青年流动人口的受教育程度不断提高，人力资本存量进一步增强，收入水平不断提升，六成以上青年人口流动以务工经商为主。但青年流动人口仍有超六成以上租房居住，近年来流入地居留意愿持续走低，健康公共服务未能充分享受，性别不平等现象仍然存在。最后，文章建议从优化产业结构、加快推进公共服务均等化着手，促进流动人口市民化转变，释放流动人口消费潜力。对于构建国内国际双循环、构建新发展格局、实现高质量发展具有重要推动作用。
Based on the data of dynamic monitoring of the floating population over the years, this paper analyzes the changing trend of the floating population aged 18~35 in the nine years from 2010 to 2018 by focusing on the characteristics of the floating youth from four aspects: population sociology, employment economy, floating process and social integration. The study found that the education level of the young floating population is constantly improving, the human capital stock is further en-hanced, the income level is constantly rising, and more than 60% of the young floating population mainly works for business. However, more than 60% of the young floating population still rents apartments. In recent years, their intention to stay in the places where they migrated has been declining, and public health services are not fully available. Gender inequality still exists. Finally, the paper suggests that we should optimize the industrial structure, accelerate the equalization of public services, promote the transformation of the floating population as a citizen, and release the consumption potential of the floating population. It plays an important role in promoting the construction of domestic and international double circulation, constructing a new development pattern and realizing high-quality development.