人口老龄化对技术创新的影响研究——基于我国2005~2022省级面板数据的实证分析
Research on the Influence of Population Aging on Technological Innovation—Empirical Analysis Based on China’s 2005~2022 Provincial Panel Data

人口问题向来是全球性热点问题，尤其对于已步入经济发展新常态后期的中国而言，经济增长不再依靠单独要素驱动，因而技术创新这一问题愈来愈受到学界重视。厘清人口老龄化和技术创新之间的作用机制，对我国未来经济更高质量的发展具有现实意义。文章选取全国30个省份(西藏地区除外) 2005年至2022年的面板数据，通过构建静态、动态面板模型，采用多种计量估计方法进行回归分析。研究结果显示：人口老龄化问题的加重对技术创新会产生严重的抑制作用。据此，从生育政策、社会养老保障体系、企业技术创新支撑体系三方面构想了优化路径。
Population issue has always been a global hot issue, especially for China, which has entered the late stage of the new normal of economic development, economic growth is no longer driven by a single factor, so the issue of technological innovation has attracted more and more attention from the academic community. It is of practical significance to clarify the mechanism between population aging and technological innovation for the development of higher quality of China’s economy in the future. In this paper, the panel data of 30 provinces (except Tibet) from 2005 to 2022 were selected, and the regression analysis was carried out by constructing static and dynamic panel models and using various econometric estimation methods. The research results show that population aging will have a serious inhibitory effect on technological innovation. Therefore, the optimization path is conceived from three aspects: fertility policy, social pension security system and enterprise technological innovation support system.