代际支持对老年人主观幸福感的影响研究
A Study of the Effect of Intergenerational Support on the Subjective Well-Being of the Elderly

在老龄化日益严重的今天，如何保证老年人的生活质量成为当今的一大重要课题，其中，除了要保证老年人的物质生活外，还需要进一步关心老年人的心理状态，其中，主观幸福感是衡量老年人心理健康水平及生活质量的重要指标，同时老年人与子女之间的相互支持关系同样对老年人的心理状态产生影响。因此，本文基于社会支持理论，选取代际支持作为主要自变量，老年人的主观幸福感作为因变量，探究老年人与其子女间的代际支持对其主观幸福感的影响关系。本文研究结果表明，代际支持的强弱确实影响着老年人的主观幸福感的高低，其中，表达性支持中的情感感知度对于老年人的主观幸福感有着显著的影响，工具性支持有三个指标，即反向经济支持和老人与子女间相互的家务支持对于老年人的主观幸福感都有着显著的影响。因此，要提升老年人的主观幸福感，首先需要让老年人感知到子女对其的关心；其次，要丰富老年人的社会参与途径以及提升全社会的爱老敬老氛围对于老年人提高主观幸福感也是十分必要的。
Today, as aging is becoming more and more serious, how to ensure the quality of life of the elderly has become one of the most important issues, in which, in addition to ensuring the material life of the elderly, it is also necessary to further care for the psychological state of the elderly, in which subjective well-being is an important indicator of the level of psychological well-being of the elderly and the quality of life, and at the same time, the relationship between the elderly and their children’s previous mutual support also has an impact on the psychological state of the elderly. Therefore, based on the social support theory, this paper selects intergenerational support as the main independent variable, and subjective well-being of the elderly as the dependent variable, and explores the influence of intergenerational support between the elderly and their children on their subjective well-being. The results of this paper show that the strength of intergenerational support does affect the subjective well-being of the elderly, and the degree of emotional perception in expressive support has a significant influence on the subjective well-being of the elderly. Subjective well-being has a significant impact, instrumental support is three indicators, namely reverse economic support and mutual household support between the elderly and their children have a significant impact on the subjective well-being of the elderly. Therefore, to improve the subjective well-being of the elderly, firstly, it is necessary to let the elderly perceive their children’s concern for them; secondly, it is also necessary to enrich the ways of social participation of the elderly and enhance the atmosphere of love and respect for the elderly in the whole society to improve the subjective well-being of the elderly.