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Bioprocess 2024
肺炎克雷伯菌异质性耐药的研究进展
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Abstract:
肺炎克雷伯菌是肠杆菌科克雷伯氏菌属(俗称肺炎杆菌)中最重要的一员，也是造成院内感染的主要病原菌之一，可引起肺部、泌尿道、血液、脑部等部位的感染。近年来，由于抗生素的广泛和不合理的使用，肺炎克雷伯菌对多种抗生素产生耐药性且耐药率逐年增高，除了对抗生素耐药之外，肺炎克雷伯菌对多种抗生素的异质性耐药也已出现。异质性耐药被认为是细菌耐药性进化的一个中间过程，是一种特殊的耐药形式，临床检测困难且机制复杂，目前已成为临床抗生素治疗失败的主要原因之一。对异质性耐药进行研究有助于了解临床常见病原菌的耐药发展过程，这对预防和控制细菌耐药及指导临床用药具有重要意义。在本文中，主要对肺炎克雷伯菌异质性耐药的定义、检测方法及可能的耐药机制进行如下综述。
Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most important member of the Enterobacteriaceae genus Klebsiella pneumoniae (commonly known as Klebsiella pneumoniae), and it is also one of the main pathogens causing nosocomial infection. It can cause infections in the lung, urinary tract, blood, brain and other parts. In recent years, due to the widespread and irrational use of antibiotics, Klebsiella pneumoniae has become resistant to a variety of antibiotics and the resistance rate is increasing year by year. In addition to antibiotic resistance, heterogeneous resistance to a variety of antibiotics has also emerged. Heteroresistance is considered to be an intermediate process in the evolution of bacterial resistance. It is a special form of drug resistance, which is difficult to detect clinically and has a complex mechanism. The study of heteroresistance is helpful to understand the development process of drug resistance of common clinical pathogens, which is of great significance for the prevention and control of bacterial resistance and the guidance of clinical medication. In this paper, the definition, detection methods and possible drug resistance mechanisms of Klebsiella pneumoniae heteroresistance are reviewed as follows.
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