Introduction: About 10 to
15% of couples in the world and 20 to 30% in Cameroon consult for infertility
problems. Infertility is of male origin in 40% of cases. Our objective was to
evaluate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of male infertility in our
setting. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study, with
retrospective data collection from the files of patients received for male
infertility, over 5 years and 6 months (from January 1st, 2016 to
April 30th, 2021) at the Urology Department of the Yaounde Central
Hospital. Phone calls were made to patients with incomplete records for
completion following a verbal consent. Data reported on data collection forms
were entered into a data entry form designed on CSPro software version 7.2. The
database was later exported for descriptive statistics using the IBM SPSS
software version 23. Qualitative variables were summarized in frequencies and
percentages while quantitative variables were summarized in means with their
standard deviations for normally distributed data, or medians and interquartile
ranges otherwise. Results: Out of 110 patients whose records were analyzed, the
median age was 37.0 years, with an interquartile range of 8.3, with 55.5% in
the age group 30 to 39 years. Of these 95 (86.4%) were married, 58 (52.7%) were
from the West region, 76 (69.1%) were employed. Past history was dominated by
mumps 40 (36.4%), varicocele surgery 25 (22.7%), alcoholism 87 (79.1%) and
smoking 15 (13.6%). A disorder of spermatogenesis was found in all our
patients: 37 (33.6%) azoospermia, 27 (24.6%) asthenospermia and 26 (23.7%)
oligospermia patients. Paraclinical evidence of chlamydia and gonococcal
infections were found respectively in 38 (34.5%) and 14 (12.7%) patients,
varicocele and testicular dystrophy respectively in 95 (86.4%) and 38 (34.5%) patients.
Infertility was primary in 67 (60.9%) patients. Conclusion: Most patients with
infertility were in their thirties, had risky social habits and comorbidities.
An early start of health promotion activities, comorbidities prevention and
early detection of spermogram abnormalities would make it possible to reduce
the frequency of male infertility.
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