第三方监管对于中小微企业融资的促进作用分析——基于缓解信息不对称的视角
Analysis of the Promotion Effect of Third-Party Supervision on the Financing of Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises—Based on the Perspective of Alleviating Information Asymmetry

中小微企业是中国经济发展的重要主体，为国民经济发展做出了巨大贡献。但是目前，由于中小微企业自身的局限性、缺少金融机构支持、缺少相关政策支撑，中小微企业的发展面临较大“瓶颈”，融资困难程度较高。目前，与大型企业相比，中小企业的利润同比增速正在持续下降，并且已经出现长时间负增长的情况。中小微企业的信息不对称问题也增加了融资难度，使得金融机构对于中小微企业缺少信任，无法积极地为中小微企业进行融资。因此在交易过程中引入第三方监管是十分必要的。第三方监管机构以一种独立的、客观的、公平公正的态度和立场对交易双方进行监督的，这就保证了交易双方在可获取信息上面的一致性，同时监管机构拥有经济核算权力，能够进一步保证交易双方的经济信息的可信度，从而保证交易公平公正地进行。因此，为了能够进一步提高中小微企业的融资能力，应该从内部发展和外部促进两个方面进行。内部发展是指，应当提高中小微企业自身的运行效率和市场竞争力，从而吸引到更多融资；外部促进是指，第三方机构的监管能够有效减少信息不对称问题，国家与政府也应当加大对中小微企业融资的力度。
Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises are an important part of China’s economic development and have made great contributions to the national economic development. However, at present, due to the limitations of SMEs themselves, the lack of support from financial institutions and the lack of relevant policy support, the development of SMEs is facing a large “bottleneck” and the financing difficulty is relatively high. At present, compared with large enterprises, the profit growth rate of small and medium-sized enterprises is continuing to decline, and there has been a long-term negative growth situation. The information asymmetry of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises also increases the difficulty of financing, making financial institutions lack trust in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises and unable to actively finance micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce third-party supervision in the transaction process. Third-party regulators supervise both sides of the transaction with an independent, objective, fair and just attitude and position, which ensures the consistency of the information available to both sides of the transaction. At the same time, the regulator has the economic accounting power to further ensure the credibility of the economic information of both sides of the transaction, so as to ensure that the transaction is carried out in a fair and just manner. Therefore, in order to further im-prove the financing capacity of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, it should be carried out from the two aspects of internal development and external promotion. Internal development means that the operation efficiency and market competitiveness of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises should be improved to attract more financing. External promotion means that the supervision of third-party institutions can effectively reduce the problem of information asymmetry, and the state and government should also increase the financing of small, medium and micro enterprises.