BIM技术在陕北新型窑洞设计中的应用
The Applications of BIM Technology in Designing New Cave-Dwelling in Northern Shaanxi

为了使具有地域特色的陕北独立式砖石窑洞得以传承和发展，对现存独立式窑洞状况和存在问题进行总结，并提出相应的改进策略和措施，旨在提出陕北新型窑洞的设计。BIM技术具有可视化、协同化、参数化、模拟化的设计优势，将其引入到新型窑洞设计中，对于以前全凭工匠施工经验，毫无设计理念的窑洞建筑而言，发挥着积极的作用。既能保证设计效果，扬长避短，满足住户要求；又能提升设计效率，打破传统设计模式，对后续窑洞施工提供强有力的技术支持。通过分析BIM技术在窑洞三维呈现、场地分析、朝向确定、能耗分析和施工图设计中的具体应用，明确BIM技术在新型窑洞设计中的技术价值，促进信息时代下传统民居设计的成熟与完善。
In order to make the inheritance and development of independent masonry cave dwellings with regional characteristics in northern Shaanxi, we summarize the status and problems of the existing independent cave dwellings and put forward corresponding improvement strategies and measures, aiming at proposing the design of new cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi. BIM technology has the design advantages of visualization, collaboration, parametrization, and simulation, and its introduction into the design of new cave dwellings plays a positive role in the construction of cave-dwelling buildings that used to be built entirely by the construction experience of skilled craftsmen and without any design concepts. It can guarantee the design effect, avoid the shortcomings and meet the requirements of the residents; it can also improve the design efficiency, break the traditional design mode, and provide strong technical support for the subsequent cave-dwelling construction. By analyzing the specific application of BIM technology in the three-dimensional presentation of cave dwellings, site analysis, orientation determination, energy consumption analysis and construction drawing design adjustment, we clarify the technical value of BIM technology in the design of new cave dwellings, and promote the maturity and perfection of traditional residential design in the information age.