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氨基酸转运体SLC1家族作为肿瘤治疗靶点的研究进展
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Abstract:
目的：整理综述氨基酸转运体SLC1家族的生理特性以及目前作为肿瘤治疗靶点方面的研究进展。方法：通过查找中国知网、PubMed等文献数据库，整理国内外有关SLC1家族生理特性以及影响肿瘤代谢的研究报告，整理出SLC1家族在靶向治疗肿瘤领域的相关研究进展。结果：SLC1家族成员在肿瘤代谢过程中可通过促进细胞内外谷氨酸合成谷胱甘肽、通过谷氨酰胺摄取和mTOR信号传导实现谷氨酰胺的过度表达、通过调节R-2-羟基戊二酸癌代谢物(R-2-HG)、HIF-1α以及p13K/AKT通路等促进肿瘤细胞的发展，除此之外，很多研究中也发现SLC1家族成员与肿瘤细胞的自噬和凋亡、氧化应激反应、细胞有丝分裂以及癌基因的表达等多种因素相关，靶向SLC1家族的抗肿瘤药物已成为目前肿瘤药物研究的热点。结论：本文通过大量文献综述，系统地整理总结四种SLC1家族成员与不同肿瘤细胞之间的影响机制研究进展，但目前多种氨基酸转运体在肿瘤细胞中的作用机制仍不够明确，在今后的研究中进一步探究SLC1家族成员抗肿瘤治疗的作用机制。
Objective: Summarize the physiological characteristics of the amino acid transporter SLC1 family and the current research progress as a target for tumor treatment. Methods: By searching literature databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed, we have compiled research reports on the physiological characteristics of the SLC1 family and its impact on tumor metabolism both domestically and internationally, and summarized the relevant research progress of the SLC1 family in targeted therapy of tumors. Results: SLC1 family members can promote intracellular and extracellular glutamic acid synthesis of glutathione during tumor metabolism, achieve overexpression of glutamine through glutamine uptake and mTOR signaling, regulate R-2-hydroxyglutarate cancer metabolites (R-2-HG), HIF-1α, and the p13K/AKT pathway promotes the development of tumor cells. In addition, many studies have also found that members of the SLC1 family are associated with various factors such as autophagy and apoptosis, oxidative stress response, cell mitosis, and oncogene expression in tumor cells. Targeting SLC1 family anti-tumor drugs has become a hot topic in current cancer drug research. Conclusion: This article systematically summarizes the research progress on the impact mechanism between four SLC1 family members and different tumor cells through a large number of literature reviews. However, the mechanism of action of various amino acid transporters in tumor cells is still not clear. In future research, the mechanism of action of SLC1 family members in anti-tumor therapy will be further explored.
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