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营养元素调控水稻叶夹角研究现状
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Abstract:
水稻是主要的粮食作物之一，其产量的增加对于人类的生存至关重要。增加水稻产量的方法主要是通过改变其农艺性状，如通过增大叶夹角改变水稻接受光合作用的叶面积，从而增强光合作用，而增加产量。叶夹角特性作为构建理想植株结构的要素之一，同时也是高密度栽植模式下的决定性因素，有望助益于提升绿色革命品种产量，对于农业进步及粮食保障均具有深远影响。营养元素氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)和锌(Zn)通过影响植物激素如油菜素内脂、生长素以及赤霉素等，从而改变其叶夹角等农艺性状，最终达到增加产量的目的。本文对营养元素影响叶夹角等农艺性状进行一个综述，为优化水稻株型，提高产量提供了一定方向支持。
Rice is one of the major food crops and its increased yield is essential for human survival. The main way to increase the yield of rice is by modifying its agronomic traits, such as by increasing the leaf angle to change the leaf area that receives photosynthesis, thus enhancing photosynthesis and thereby increasing the yield. Leaf angle characteristics, as one of the elements in building an ideal plant structure and as a determining factor in high-density planting patterns, are expected to contribute to the enhancement of yields in Green Revolution varieties, with far-reaching implications for both agricultural progress and food security. Nutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) influence phytohormones such as oleoresinolipids, growth hormones and gibberellins to alter agronomic traits such as leaf angle and ultimately increase yield. This paper provides a review of the effects of nutrients on leaf angle and other agronomic traits, and provides some direction to optimise rice plant type and increase yield.
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