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基于锥形光纤的马赫–曾德尔干涉传感器用于温度和折射率同时测量
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Abstract:
本文提出了一种基于锥形光纤的MZI LPFG传感器用于同时测量温度和折射率。该结构是将一段锥形光纤两端各熔接一段无芯光纤(no-core fiber, NCF)，构成马赫–曾德尔(Mach-Zehnder interference, MZI)结构来测量外界温度和折射率，其中两端的无芯光纤来充当分束器和耦合器，再利用长周期光纤光栅(Long period fiber grating, LPFG)进行温度补偿。通过MZI和LPFG的测量结果来建立灵敏度矩阵，用以同时测量温度和折射率的变化。整体结构为“单模光纤–无芯光纤–锥形光纤–无芯光纤–单模光纤–长周期光纤光栅–单模光纤”。其中MZI结构的温度灵敏度为51.4 pm/℃，折射率灵敏度为？140.7 nm/RIU；长周期光纤光栅的温度灵敏度为254 pm/℃。
This article proposes an MZI LPFG sensor based on tapered fibers for simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index. The structure consists of a tapered optical fiber fused with a segment of no-core fiber (NCF) at each end, forming a Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) structure for measuring external temperature and refractive index. The no-core fibers at both ends serve as beam splitters and couplers, and temperature compensation is achieved using long-period fiber gratings (LPFG). A sensitivity matrix is established based on the measurement results of MZI and LPFG to simultaneously measure changes in temperature and refractive index. The overall structure is “single-mode fiber - no-core fiber - tapered fiber - no-core fiber - single-mode fiber - long-period fiber grating fiber - single-mode fiber”. The temperature sensitivity of the MZI structure is 51.4 pm/？C, and the refractive index sensitivity is ？140.7 nm/RIU; the temperature sensitivity of the long-period fiber grating fiber is 254 pm/？C.
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