Background and Objective: With the popularity and widespread use of mobile phones, the effects of mobile phone dependence and addiction on individuals’ physical and mental health have attracted more and more attention. The present study aims to analyze the current state of mobile phone addiction and its impact on sleep quality within the population, while also exploring the influence of related factors on sleep quality. Ultimately, this research will provide a scientific foundation for targeted intervention measures and strategies. Methods: A total of 253 permanent residents in Nanjing were randomly selected as study subjects. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the degree of smartphone addiction and sleep quality of the study subjects. Body mass index (BMI) was measured according to standardized procedures. Independent sample t-test, Chi-square test, rank sum test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the correlation between mobile phone addiction and sleep quality, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:117 people (46.2%) were addicted to mobile phones. Chi-square test showed that the rate of mobile phone addiction in drinking group was significantly higher than that in non-drinking group (P < 0.05). Rank-sum test results showed that the total score of mobile phone addiction was significantly different between the drinking group and the non-drinking group (P < 0.05). Independent sample T-test results showed that the scores of sleep time (P < 0.05) and sleep efficiency (P < 0.05) in the mobile phone addiction group were significantly higher than those in the non-mobile phone addiction group. Multiple linear regression showed that abstinence had significant effect on the total quality after adjusting for sex, smoking and drinking (P < 0.05). Hierarchical multiple linear regression showed that, Women in the withdrawal of PSQI scores had significant meaning (P < 0.05), not smoking withdrawal sex (P < 0.05), and inefficiency (P < 0.05) had significant significance on PSQI total score. Abstinence factor had significant effect on the total score of sleep quality in the drinking group (P < 0.05) and the non-drinking group (P <
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