In global industrialization, efforts have been made to increase the rate of heat transfer in heat exchanger, minimizing the size of heat exchanger to reduce cost as well as increasing the effectiveness. Helical coil heat exchanger (HCHE) has been proven to be effective in improving heat transfer due to its large surface area. In this study, HCHE was designed to provide hot air needed for fluidized bed drying processes. The HCHE design model was fabricated and evaluated to study the efficiency of the hot air output for a laboratory fluidized bed dryer. The mathematical model for estimation of the final (output) temperature of air, Taf, passing through the HCHE was developed and validated experimentally. The drying of bitter kola particulates was carried out with a drying temperature of 50˚C ± 3˚C and a bed height-to-bed diameter ratio (H/D) of 1.5. The time taken to dry bitter kola particulates to 0.4% moisture content was 1 hour 45 minutes. Hence, HCHE is recommended for use in the production of hot for laboratory-scale fluidized bed dryers.
References
[1]
Mittal, B. (2017) Pharmaceutical Unit Operation. In: Jones, K., Ed., How to Develop Robust Solid Oral Dosage Forms from Conception to Post-Approval, Academic Press, Cambridge, 69-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804731-6.00004-2
[2]
Jia, D.E. (2020) Heat and Mass Transfer. In: Grace, J., Bi, X. and Ellis, N., Eds., Essentials of Fluidization Technology, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, 291-331. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527699483.ch14
[3]
Cocco, R., Karri, S.R. and Knowlton, T. (2014) Introduction to Fluidization. Chemical Engineering Progress, 110, 21-29.
[4]
Lackner, B. (2021) Heat and Mass Transfer to/from Active Particles in a Fluidized Bed—An Analysis of the Baskakov-Palchonok Correlation. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,168, Article ID: 120860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120860
[5]
Qie, Z., Alhassawi, H., Sun, F., Gao, J., Guangbo, G. and Fan, X. (2022) Characteristics and Applications of Micro Fluidized Beds (MFBs). Chemical Engineering Journal, 428, Article ID: 131330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131330
[6]
Tema Process (2019) Air Supply System. https://temaprocess.com/2019/air-supply-system/
[7]
Khanali, M., Rafiee, S., Jafari, A., Hashemabadi, S.H. and Banisharif, A. (2012) Mathematical Modeling of Fluidized Bed Drying of Rough Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grain. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 8, 795-810.
[8]
Oluwaleye, I.O. and Adeyemi, M.B. (2013) Experimental Evaluation of a Batch Hot Air Fluidized Bed Dryer. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research,3, 497-503.
[9]
Bootkote, P., Soponronnarit, S. and Prachayawarakorn, S. (2016) Process of Producing Parboiled Rice with Different Colors by Fluidized Bed Drying Technique Including Tempering. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 9, 1574-1586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-016-1737-7
[10]
Suherman, S., Djaeni, M. and Kumoro, A. C. (2017) Drying Kinetics of Paddy in Fluidized Bed with Immersed Heating Element. Advanced Science Letters, 23, 2364-2366. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.8672
[11]
Suherman, S., Azaria, N.F. and Karami, S. (2018) Performance Study of Fluidized Bed Dryer with Immersed Heater for Paddy Drying. IOP Conference Series Materials Science andEngineering,316, Article ID: 012026. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/316/1/012026
[12]
Focus Technology (2023) Laboratory Fluid Bed Dryer. https://www.made-in-china.com/products-search/hot-china-products/Laboratory_Fluid_Bed_Dryer.html
[13]
Balaji, C, Srinivasan, B. and Gedupudi, S. (2020) Heat Exchangers. In: Balaji, C., Srinivasan, B. and Gedupudi, S., Eds., Heat Transfer Engineering: Fundamentals and Techniques, Academic Press, Cambridge, 199-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818503-2.00007-1
[14]
Singh, S.K., Mishra, M. and Jha, P.K. (2014) Nonuniformities in Compact Heat Exchangers—Scope for Better Energy Utilization. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 40, 583-596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.207
[15]
Narrein, K. and Mohammed, H.A. (2013) Influence of Nanofluids and Rotation on Helically Coiled Tube Heat Exchanger Performance. Thermochimica Acta, 564, 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.04.004
[16]
Kuzma-Kichta, Y.A. (2021) Heat Transfer in Coiled Tubes. Thermopedia. https://www.thermopedia.com/content/640/
[17]
Jinlong, Z., Zhuo, C. and Wang, L. (2023) Relationship between the Intensity of Secondary Flow and Convection Heat Transfer in a Helically Coiled Circular Tube with Uniform Wall Temperature. Journal of Thermal Science, 32, 1007-1022. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369363854 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-023-1794-y
[18]
Borse, D. and Bute, J.V. (2018) A Review on Helical Coil Heat Exchanger. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 6, 492-497. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.2070
[19]
Sigalotti, L.D.G., Alvarado-Rodríguez, C.E. and Rendón, O. (2023) Fluid Flow in Helically Coiled Pipes. Fluids, 8, Article 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8120308
[20]
Shaikh, M.A., Nikam, T.S., Yedave, A.B. and Gavade, P.P. (2016) A Review on Heat Transfer Enhancement Techniques of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger. International Journal of AdvanceResearch in Science and Engineering, 5, 407-412.
[21]
Inyang, U.E. and Uwa, I.J. (2022) Heat Transfer in Helical Coil Heat Exchanger. Advances inChemical Engineering and Science, 12, 26-39. https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2022.121003
[22]
AlHajeri, H.M., Almutairi, A., Al-Hajeri, M.A., Alenezi, A., ALajmi, R. and Koluib, A.M. (2020) Condensation Heat Transfer of R-407C in Helical Coiled Tube Heat Exchanger. Processes, 8, Article 1157. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8091157
[23]
Dev, K., Pal, K.S. and Siddiqui, S.A. (2014) An Empirical Study of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger Used in Liquid Evaporization and Droplet Disengagement for a Laminar Fluid Flow. International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology, 3, 4085-4088.
[24]
Lazova, M., Huisseune, H., Kaya, A. and Lecompte, S. (2016) Performance Evaluation of a Helical Coil Heat Exchanger Working under Supercritical Conditions in a Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Installation. Energies, 9, Article 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9060432
(2023) The Engineering Toolbox. https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/convective-heat-transfer-d_430.html
[27]
Uwa, I.J., Oboh, I.O. and Antia, O.O. (2019) Design and Development of a System of Laboratory Fluidized Bed for Drying and Method of Preventing Agglomeration during Fluidization Process. Association of Nigerian Inventions Patent No. F/P/2019/219.
[28]
Chukwunonye, C.D., Nnaemeka, N.R., Chijioke, O.V. and Obiora, N.C. (2016) Thin Layer Drying Modelling for Some Selected Nigerian Produce: A Review. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research,3,1-15.
