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埃博霉素类抗肿瘤药物在乳腺癌中的研究进展
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Abstract:
据2020年的数据，全球乳腺癌确诊患者数量增加超过200万例，其患病人数超过肺癌成为全球最常见的癌症类型。乳腺癌仍然是女性健康的第一杀手。尽管近年来靶向治疗和免疫治疗取得了显著进展，但化疗仍然是晚期乳腺癌的主要治疗方式。目前，紫杉类和蒽环类药物是乳腺癌化疗的主要药物，但耐药性和毒副作用等问题仍然困扰着患者。埃博霉素类化合物具有诸多优势，被视为最具前景的新型抗肿瘤药物之一。这些化合物毒性低，水溶性良好，便于患者口服或注射使用。其化学结构简单，易于化学修饰，具有较大的合成潜力。此外，埃博霉素类化合物在抗肿瘤范围上表现出广泛的活性，可用于不同类型的肿瘤治疗，并显示出卓越的疗效和强大的抑制作用。因此，越来越多的科学家正在深入研究这些化合物，并对其抱有很高的期望。本文综述了埃博霉素类抗肿瘤药物在乳腺癌治疗中的优势和挑战，并对其作用机制、临床研究和药代动力学等方面进行了概述。
According to data from 2020, there were over 2 million newly diagnosed breast cancer cases, surpassing lung cancer to become the most common cancer globally. Breast cancer continues to be the leading cause of harm to women’s health. Despite breakthroughs in targeted therapy and immunotherapy in recent years, chemotherapy remains the foundational treatment for advanced breast cancer. Currently, chemotherapy for breast cancer predominantly relies on taxanes and anthracycline-class drugs. However, issues such as drug resistance and cumulative toxicity still impact patients’ quality of life. Epothilone-class compounds have emerged as promising antitumor agents due to several advantages. Firstly, these compounds exhibit lower toxicity, good water solubility, and are suitable for oral or injectable administration, providing greater convenience for patients. Their relatively simple chemical structure allows for easy chemical modification, presenting significant synthetic potential. Moreover, Epothilone-class compounds demonstrate a broader spectrum of activity against various tumor types, showcasing excellent efficacy with potent inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Consequently, an increasing number of researchers are conducting in-depth studies on these compounds, holding high expectations for their therapeutic potential. This review summarizes the advantages and limitations of Epothilone-class antitumor drugs in the treatment of breast cancer. Additionally, it provides an overview of the mechanism of action, clinical studies, and pharmacokinetics of Epothilone-class antitumor drugs in breast cancer therapy.
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