Urban areas deal with the emergence or resurgence of transmissible and non-transmissible diseases, linked in particular to urban lifestyle and sanitation issues. Human practices create or maintain conditions that favour mosquitoes’ breeding. This study investigates mosquito breeding sites characteristics in Ouagadougou, from September to November 2020. Mosquito larvae were sampled across three districts in the city, chosen based on socio-demographic and urbanization levels. The larval collection from natural breeding sites using the ladle technique and larvae transferred to can. For artificial sites, the larvae were transferred directly into can Larvae were collected from 83 breeding sites, predominantly artificial: 39% in plastic containers, 23% in clay containers, and 13% in metal, while natural sites like puddles accounted for only 25%. A total of 8352 mosquitoes were identified as six species: Aedesaegypti, Aedesalbopictus, Culexquinquefasciatus, Anophelesgambiaes.l., Anophelesfunestus, and Mansoniaafricana.Ae.aegypti was the most prevalent, found across all breeding site types, whereas Culexquinquefasciatus and Anophelesgambiae were mainly in natural sites. Physico-chemical analysis of the breeding sites revealed that conductivity and turbidity were consistent across breeding sites. The highest median pH values were observed in ceramic and metal containers. Water temperature showed minimal variation. The presence of Anophelesgambiae and Culexquinquefasciatus correlated with higher water temperature, turbidity, and conductivity. Anophelesfunestus preferred high pH environments. Conversely, Aedesaegypti, Aedesalbopictus, and Mansoniaafricana were less influenced by these parameters. The findings underscore the need for community involvement in water and waste management to control mosquito populations, especially targeting the Aedesaegypti species. Raising awareness among locals about proper water storage and disposal practices is crucial for effective vector control.
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