Pesticides in the propolis at S？o Saulo State, Brazil

the increasing demand for propolis has caused a raise in its production. however, an increasingly pesticide-dependent agriculture is a great concern with regard to bees, their produce and environmental contamination. current analysis evaluates the presence of pesticides (organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates, herbicides, fungicides and acaricides) in samples of propolis from the state of s？o paulo, brazil. beekeepers from several localities in the state provided samples of propolis (50), which were collected, stored in non-toxic plastic bags and maintained in a freezer for analyses. possible pesticide residues were examined by gas chromatography method but no pesticide residues were detected in the examined propolis samples. propolis analyzed in the state of s？o paulo did not show any pesticide contamination.