O Brasil: um Estado-na？？o a ser contruído. O papel dos símbolos nacionais, do Império à República

the symbols of the republic established in brazil in 1889 do not indicate a radical break with the previous monarchical regime, as was the case in france. the imperial flag's colors refer to those of the bragan？a dynasty. the republic maintained the flag's structure, but added the motto "order and progress", which attested to the fact that the positivists had managed to impose their interpretations upon the new regime. as for the national anthem, the republic failed to choose a new one and the people manifested their preference for the old imperial anthem. as for the allegory of the republic, there were attempts to represent it with female figures which were, however, too similar to the french marianne. the figure of tiradentes had a resonance that was more durable because it permitted the intercnnection of two primary dimensions of the nation: the abolition of slavery and independence.