Ventilación nasofaríngea con presión positiva intermitente como método de extubación en recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 1,500 g

introduction: the non invasive nasopharyngeal ventilation (npv) is a method that has been used to extubate patient with mechanical ventilation, to reduce the number of complications, however, in neonatology it is not used as routinary method. objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of nasopharyngeal ventilation with intermittent positive pressure (npv/ipp) as ventilatory method, after extubation process in preterm new born smaller than < 1,500 g, in comparison with new born with continuous positive pressure of air nasal via (cpapn) and cephalic camera (cc). material and methods: it was carried out a randomized clinical trial conformed by 90 nb on clinic and gasometric stable state, during their first extubation event. the patients were randomly assigned to one of in three groups: group i with npv/ipp (n = 30); group ii with cpapn (n = 30); and the group iii with cc (n = 30). the variables of interest included: successfully extubation, gasometrics and clinical parameters during 72 h after the extubation, initial diagnosis, surfactant, aminophylline and steroids use, time of ventilation, gestational age and weight. results: there were not differences in as weight, gestational age, surfactant use, steroids and initial diagnosis among the 3 groups. group i, was successful (to remain in the npv or cc at least 24 h or not do need intubation again in 93.4%, group ii: 60% and the iii: 80% (p = 0.009). the complications were presented in 20%, 73.3% and 63.3%, respectively. conclusion: the (npv/ipp) showed to be an effective and safe method, in comparison with the other extubation methods, for allowing to propose it like as useful extubation strategy, in stable premature new born smaller than 1,500 g.