Las complicaciones macrovasculares y su relación con algunas variables clínicas y bioquímicas en diabéticos tipo 2

objetive: to determine the diabetic macroangiopathy frequency, as well as its relation to some clinical and biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes patients (dm 2). methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 438 dm 2 patients admitted in the diabetic center care of bayamo, gramma province from october, 2007 to december, 2008. variables used included: age, sex, skin color, smoking and alcoholism, diabetes course time, weight, height, waist circumference blood pressure, serum cholesterol levels and triglycerides, as well as the presence of diabetes-macrovascular complications. subjects were divided into two groups: those presenting with and without macroangiopathy. results: from the 438 study dm patients, 107 (24,4 %) had some type of macroangiopathy. there was predominance of peripheral arterial failure in 67 cases (15,3 %) followed by ischemic heart disease in 52 cases (11,8 %) and ictus in 4 cases (0,9 %). in 16 cases there was more than one complication. the association between age (p=0,0000), diabetes course time (p=0,0000), systolic high blood pressure (p=0,0361), cholesterol level (p=0,0000) and triglycerides (p=0,0000) and the macroangiopathy development. dm 2 patients presenting with metabolic syndrome had 4,31 more probabilities to develop a ischemic heart disease than those without these conditions. conclusions: the frequency of cardiovascular complications in dm 2 patients in our institution is high and it is associated with age, diabetes course time, high blood pressure and with high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. the metabolic syndrome increases the risk of ischemic heart disease in dm 2 patients.