First-line treatment of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: the role of erlotinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors

st-line treatment of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: the role of erlotinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors Review (2392) Total Article Views Authors: Nguyen KS, Neal JW Published Date September 2012 Volume 2012:6 Pages 337 - 345 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/BTT.S26558 Received: 16 June 2012 Accepted: 13 August 2012 Published: 25 September 2012 Kim-Son H Nguyen, Joel W Neal Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Abstract: Epidermal growth factor–receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) were initially established as second- or third-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Subsequent studies, including IPASS, OPTIMAL, and EURTAC, have demonstrated that these TKIs are effective first-line therapeutic options in patients with tumors harboring activating mutations in the EGFR gene. The TKIs are better tolerated than conventional chemotherapy, with frequent yet mild side effects such as rash and diarrhea, and rarely interstitial lung disease. Because most patients on TKIs develop resistance due to a variety of mechanisms, the use of TKIs in the acquired-resistance setting and in the setting of earlier-staged cancers is being extensively studied. Here we review the major trials leading to the established use of EGFR TKIs in NSCLC, followed by discussion of recently completed and ongoing trials using the next-generation EGFR inhibitor afatinib.