Regulation of Plant Anthocyanin Synthesis and Pigmentation by Environmental Factors
环境因子调控植物花青素苷合成及呈色的机理

Anthocyanin is one of the most important plant pigments for the color of flowers, fruits and seedlings. Anthocyanin synthesis and accumulation are closely related to plant growth and development and are subject to internal and external factors. Activation of the anthocyanin pathway and accumulation of the pigment require many environmental signals. Many studies have shown that environmental factors induce anthocyanin accumulation via the activation of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. This paper reviews the effect of major environmental factors on gene expression patterns of anthocyanin synthesis and regulation of anthocyanin accumulation and stability. Light is one of the most important stimulators, and light quality is more important than light intensity. Low temperatures increase and high temperatures decrease anthocyanin concentration. Most of the structural and regulation genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis can be regulated by different sugars. Three aspects demand further research: the relationship between flower development and flower pigmentation, the response of flower color to environmental factors, and the resistance mechanism of anthocyanin to stress. Controlling flower color by environmental factors will greatly improve the quality of ornamentals.