The social trend is progressively becoming the key feature of current Web understanding (Web 2.0). This trend appears irrepressible as millions of users, directly or indirectly connected through social networks, are able to share and exchange any kind of content, information, feeling or experience. Social interactions radically changed the user approach. Furthermore, the socialization of content around social objects provides new unexplored commercial marketplaces and business opportunities. On the other hand, the progressive evolution of the web towards the Semantic Web (or Web 3.0) provides a formal representation of knowledge based on the meaning of data. When the social meets semantics, the social intelligence can be formed in the context of a semantic environment in which user and community profiles as well as any kind of interaction is semantically represented (Semantic Social Web). This paper first provides a conceptual analysis of the second and third version of the Web model. That discussion is aimed at the definition of a middle concept (Web 2.5) resulting in the convergence and integration of key features from the current and next generation Web. The Semantic Social Web (Web 2.5) has a clear theoretical meaning, understood as the bridge between the overused Web 2.0 and the not yet mature Semantic Web (Web 3.0).
References
[1]
Chi, E.H. The social web: Research and opportunities. Computer 2008, 41, 88–91, doi:10.1109/MC.2008.401.
[2]
Bulterman, D.C.A. SMIL 2.0 part 1: Overview, concepts, and structure. Multimed. IEEE 2001, 8, 82–88, doi:10.1109/93.959106.
[3]
Boll, S. MultiTube—Where Web 2.0 and multimedia could meet. Multimed. IEEE 2007, 14, 9–13, doi:10.1109/MMUL.2007.17.
[4]
Kurkovsky, S.; Strimple, D.; Nuzzi, E.; Verdecchia, K. Convergence of Web 2.0 and SOA: Taking Advantage of Web Services to Implement a Multimodal Social Networking System. In Proceedings of the 11th IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering Workshops, Sao Paulo, Brasil, 16–18 July 2008; pp. 227–232.
[5]
Fraternali, P.; Rossi, G.; Sánchez-Figueroa, F. Rich internet applications. IEEE Int. Comput. 2010, 14, 9–12, doi:10.1109/MIC.2010.76.
Papagianni, C.; Karagiannis, G.; Tselikas, N.D.; Sfakianakis, E.; Chochliouros, I.P.; Kabilafkas, D.; Cinkler, T.; Westberg, L.; Sjodin, P.; Hidell, M.; et al. Supporting End-to-End Resource Virtualization for Web 2.0 Applications Using Service Oriented Architecture. In Proceedings of the IEEE Globecom Workshops, New Orleans, LA, USA, 30 November–4 December 2008.
[8]
Dikaiakos, M.D.; Katsaros, D.; Mehra, P.; Pallis, G.; Vakali, A. Cloud computing: Distributed internet computing for IT and scientific research. Int. Comput. IEEE 2009, 13, 10–13.
[9]
Mangione-Smith, W.H. Mobile computing and smart spaces. Concurr. IEEE 1998, 6, 5–7, doi:10.1109/4434.736391.
[10]
Wahlster, W.; Dengel, A. Web 3.0: Convergence of Web 2.0 and the Semantic Web. In Technology Radar, Feature Paper, 2nd ed.; Deutsche Telekom Laboratories: Berlin, Germany, 2006; pp. 1–23.
[11]
Greaves, M. Semantic Web 2.0. Intell. Syst. IEEE 2007, 22, 94–96, doi:10.1109/MIS.2007.40.
[12]
Bojars, U. Interlinking the social web with semantics. Intell. Syst. IEEE 2008, 23, 29–40, doi:10.1109/MIS.2008.50.
[13]
Mika, P. Social Networks and the Semantic Web. In Proceedings of IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, Beijing, China, 20–24 September 2004; pp. 285–291.
[14]
O’Reilly, T. Definition of Web 2.0. 2012. Available online: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html (accessed on 10 June 2012).
[15]
Zhang, D.; Guo, B.; Yu, Z. The emergence of social and community intelligence. Computer 2011, 44, 21–28, doi:10.1109/MC.2011.65.
[16]
Pentland, A. Socially aware computation and communication. Computer 2005, 38, 33–40, doi:10.1109/MC.2005.104.
Wang, F.; Kathleen, M.C.; Zeng, D.; Mao, W. Social computing: from social informatics to social intelligence. IEEE Intell. Syst. 2005, 20, 79–83.
[19]
Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J.; Lassila, O. The Semantic Web. Scientific American, 2001, 279. Available online: http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-semantic-web (accessed on 18 September 2012).
[20]
Pileggi, S.F.; Palau, C.E.; Esteve, M. Building Semantic Sensor Web: Knowledge and Interoperability. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Semantic Sensor Web (SSW), Valencia, Spain, 27–28 October 2010.
[21]
Decker, S.; Melnik, S.; van Harmelen, F.; Fensel, D.; Klein, M.; Broekstra, J.; Erdmann, M.; Horrocks, I. The Semantic Web: The roles of XML and RDF. Int. Comput. IEEE 2000, 4, 63–73.
[22]
OWL Web Ontology Language Overview. Available online: http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-features/ (accessed on 10 June 2012).
[23]
Lenzerini, M. Models for semantic interoperability in service-oriented architectures. IBM Syst. J. 2005, 44, 887–903, doi:10.1147/sj.444.0887.
[24]
Fensel, D.; Musen, M.A. The Semantic Web: A brain for humankind. IEEE Intell. Syst. 2001, 2, 24–25, doi:10.1109/MIS.2001.920595.
[25]
Shadbolt, N.; Hall, W.; Berners-Lee, T. The semantic web revisited. Intell. Syst. IEEE 2006, 21, 96–101.
[26]
Fensel, D.; Facca, F.M.; Simperl, E.; Toma, I.; Fensel, D.; Facca, F.M.; Simperl, E.; Toma, I. Semantic Web. In Semantic Web Services; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2011; pp. 87–104.
[27]
Talukdar, P.P.; Wijaya, D.; Mitchell, T. Coupled Temporal Scoping of Relational Facts. In Proceedings of the Fifth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (WSDM) Association for Computing Machinery, Washington, DC, USA, 8–12 February 2012.
[28]
Dodds, P.S.; Danforth, C.M. Measuring the happiness of large-scale written expression: Songs, blogs, and presidents. J. Happiness Stud. 2010, 11, 441–456, doi:10.1007/s10902-009-9150-9.
[29]
Pang, B.; Lee, L. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Found. Trends Inf. Retr. 2008, 1, 1–135, doi:10.1561/1500000011.
[30]
Thelwall, M.; Buckley, K.; Paltoglou, G. Sentiment in Twitter events. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 2012, 63, 163–173, doi:10.1002/asi.21662.
[31]
Blogmeter. Available online: http://www.blogmeter.it/ (accessed on 10 June 2012).
[32]
Gruhl, D.; Guha, R.; Kumar, R.; Novak, J.; Tomkins, A. The Predictive Power of Online Chatter. In Proceeding of the Eleventh ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery in Data Mining, Chicago, IL, USA, 21–24 August 2005.
[33]
Joshi, M.; Das, D.; Gimpel, K.; Smith, N.A. Movie Reviews and Revenues: An Experiment in Text Regression. In Proceedings of North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics-Human Language Technologies (NAACL-HLT), Los Angeles, CA, USA, 5 June 2010.
[34]
Christakis, N.A.; Fowler, J.H. Social network sensors for early detection of contagious outbreaks. PLoS One 2010, 5, e12948, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012948.
[35]
Schalkoff, R.J. Pattern Recognition: Statistical, Structural and Neural Approaches; John Wiley Sons, Inc.: New York, NY, USA, 1991.
[36]
Gamon, M.; Aue, A.; Corston-Oliver, S.; Ringger, E. Pulse: Mining customer opinions from free text. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 3646, 121–132.
[37]
Jansen, B.J.; Zhang, M.; Sobel, K.; Chowdury, A. Twitter power: Tweets as electronic word of mouth. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 2009, 60, 2169–2188, doi:10.1002/asi.21149.
[38]
Asur, S.; Huberman, B.A. Predicting the Future with Social Media. In Proceedings of Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WIIAT), Silicon Valley, CA, USA, 31 August–3 September 2010.
[39]
Bernal, P.A. Web 2.5: The Symbiotic Web. Int. Rev. Law Comput. Technol. 2010, 24, 25–37, doi:10.1080/13600860903570145.
[40]
Zhang, S.; Zhang, S.; Chen, X.; Huo, X. Cloud Computing Research and Development Trend. In Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Future Networks (ICFN), Sanya, China, 22–24 January 2010.
[41]
Weller, K. Knowledge Representation in the Social Semantic Web, Knowledge Information; De Gruyter: Berlin, Germany, 2010; Volume 3.
[42]
Mikroyannidis, A. Toward a social semantic web. Computer 2007, 40, 113–115, doi:10.1109/MC.2007.405.
[43]
Ghidini, C.; Rospocher, M.; Serafini, L. Conceptual Modeling in Wikis: A Reference Architecture and a Tool. In Proceedings of the eKNOW2012: The Fourth International Conference on Information, Process, and Knowledge Management, Valencia, Spain, 30 January–4 February 2012; pp. 128–135.
[44]
Jung, J.J. Computational reputation model based on selecting consensus choices: An empirical study on semantic wiki platform. Exp. Syst. Appl. 2012, 39, 9002–9007, doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2012.02.035.
[45]
Kaur, P.; Patwar, S.; Sylvester, A.G.; Venkataraman, B. Use of Semantic Wiki Tool to Build a Repository of Reusable Information Objects in Agricultural Education and Extension: Results from a Preliminary Study. In Proceedings of the Web2fordev Conference, Rome, Italy, 25–27 September 2007.
[46]
Moulin, C.; Lai, C. Semantic Desktop: A Common Gate on Local and Distributed Indexed Resources. In Information Retrieval and Mining in Distributed Environments; Soro, A., Vargiu, E., Armano, G., Paddeu, G., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2011; pp. 61–76.
[47]
Dr？gan, L.; Handschuh, S.; Decker, S. The Semantic Desktop at Work: Interlinking Notes. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Semantic Systems; ACM: New York, NY, USA, 2011; pp. 17–24.
