Greenhouse and Field Evaluation of Two Biopesticides Against Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae)

The mycopesticide Naturalis (based on Beauveria bassiana strain ATCC 74040) andbotanical pesticide Kingbo (based on oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens, a traditionalChinese herb) were tested against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae)on greenhouse vegetables and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) on apples. Thesebiopesticide products were applied twice at 5-day interval and concentrations of 0.1% and0.2%, and their effectiveness was compared to abamectin-based products and the syntheticacaricides acrinathrin and spirodiclofen, applied once at their recommended rates.The mycopesticide Naturalis, applied at 0.1% concentration against T. urticae on cucumber,reduced mite population density by 85-86%, achieving 91-93% efficacy. In a trial on tomato,efficacy reached some 96%, while population density was reduced by 93%. In a field trialon apple, Naturalis demonstrated an increasing and long-lasting effectiveness against thesummer population of P. ulmi of nearly 100%, and population reduction was achieved inassessments 30 days after the first treatment. Naturalis applied at a double rate achieved asomewhat better effect but only in the first trial. The botanical pesticide Kingbo, applied at0.1% concentration, demonstrated very high control efficacy (≥98%) and population densityreduction (≥96%) of T. urticae in both trials. A high and long-lasting effectiveness of thisbioacaricide was also achieved in a trial on P. ulmi. Its concentration of 0.2% achieved similareffect. The results in these trials indicate that applications of the mycopesticide Naturalisand the botanical pesticide Kingbo can provide effective control of T. urticae on cucumberand tomato grown in greenhouses, as well as P. ulmi on apple.