Biochemical Analysis of Bovine (Bos Indicus) Urine with Reference to Estrous Cycle

Pheromonal communication plays an important role in mammalian reproductive and social behaviors like sexual attraction, territorial marking, mother young interaction, individual identification and evocation of aggression. The present investigation was carried out with a view to evaluate the biochemical constituents across reproductive phases in order to facilitate estrus detection. The cow urine was collected from various stages and the biochemical constituents such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and hormones were estimated. The present results showed protein, hormones such as estrogen, LH and FSH level were found to be high in estrus stage when compared to all other stages. The level of carbohydrate and lipid were higher in lactation period than all other stages. The progesterone was in high level during pregnant period when compared to all other stages. Hence, the present results concluded that the maximum level of biochemicals are found to be in estrus period may pave the way to detect the estrus period very effectively for the success of artificial insemination.