Brazilian agribusiness and the greenhouse gases emissions (GHG) reduction = O papel do agronegócio brasileiro na redu o de emiss o de gases de efeito estufa (GEES)

In recent decades, climate change has been accelerated by anthropogenic activity and became a currently issue on global discussion. Due to the importance that Brazil has a global supplier of food, this article aims to verify the representativeness of the emissions in the Brazilian agribusiness and the different roles to be played in agriculture to reduce GHG emissions. As methodological approach, a literature review was realized based from 124 articles related to the keywords “climate change” and “agribussiness” in the database. Firstly, we analyses the history of international meetings on climate change, as the Meadows Report (1968), Brundtland Report (1987), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1988), the United Nations Framework Convention (1992), the Kyoto Protocol (1997), the Stern Report (2006) and Report GHF (2009). The situation created the need for targets to reduce GHG emissions for major world economies, as in the case of Brazil, where it is almost impossible to exclude such liability. The results indicate that Brazil is one of the most responsible for the GHG emissions in the agricultural sector (including forestry, agriculture and livestock) mainly due to deforestation. However, it also indicates that the opportunities to significant reduction’s emissions in the upcoming years arise from these agricultural segments. = Nas últimas décadas a a o antropogênica tem acelerado o processo natural de mudan a no clima e, consequentemente, as discuss es acerca dessa quest o est o cada vez mais presentes. Dada a importancia que o Brasil tem como fornecedor mundial de alimentos, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho verificar a representatividade nas emiss es de GEEs do agronegócio brasileiro e os diferentes papéis a serem desempenhados na agropecuária para reduzi-las. Quanto aos procedimentos técnicos, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica em diferentes bases de dados, onde foram pesquisados 124 artigos relacionados com as palavras-chave “climate change” e “agribussiness”. Assim, s o apresentados os temas referentes ao histórico de encontros internacionais sobre mudan as climáticas, abordando o Relatório Meadows (1968), Relatório Brundtland (1987), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1988), a Conven o Quadro das Na es Unidas (1992), o Protocolo de Quioto (1997), o Relatório Stern (2006) e o Relatório GHF (2009). A conjuntura criou a necessidade de metas de redu o de emiss o de GEEs para as grandes economias mundiais, como no caso do Brasil, onde é praticamente inviável a exclus o dessa responsabilidade. Os resultados indicam que o Brasi