A SURVEY ON PROTOCOLS & ATTACKS IN MANET ROUTING

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a dynamic wirelessnetwork that can be formed without any pre-existinginfrastructure in which each node can act as a router.MANET has no clear line of defense, so, it is accessible toboth legitimate network users and malicious attackers. Inthe presence of malicious nodes, one of the main challengesin MANET is to design the robust security solution that canprotect MANET from various routing attacks. Differentmechanisms have been proposed using variouscryptographic techniques to countermeasure the routingattacks against MANET. However, these mechanisms arenot suitable for MANET resource constraints, i.e., limitedbandwidth and battery power, because they introduce heavytraffic load to exchange and verifying keys. In this paper,the current security issues in MANET are investigated.Particularly, we have examined different routing attacks,such as flooding, blackhole, link spoofing, wormhole, andcolluding misrelay attacks, as well as existing solutions toprotect MANET protocols.