Development of an ecofriendly, reliable, and rapid process for synthesis of nanoparticles using biological system is an important bulge in nanotechnology. Antioxidant potential and medicinal value of Adiantum philippense L. fascinated us to utilize it for biosynthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs). The current paper reports utility of aqueous extract of A. philippense L. fronds for the green synthesis of AuNPs and AgNPs. Effect of various parameters on synthesis of nanoparticles was monitored by UV-Vis spectrometry. Optimum conditions for AuNPs synthesis were 1？:？1 proportion of original extract at pH 11 and 5？mM tetrachloroauric acid, whereas optimum conditions for AgNPs synthesis were 1？:？1 proportion of original extract at pH 12 and 9？mM silver nitrate. Characterization of nanoparticles was done by TEM, SAED, XRD, EDS, FTIR, and DLS analyses. The results revealed that AuNPs and AgNPs were anisotropic. Monocrystalline AuNPs and polycrystalline AgNPs measured 10 to 18？nm in size. EDS and XRD analyses confirmed the presence of elemental gold and silver. FTIR analysis revealed a possible binding of extract to AuNPs through –NH2 group and to AgNPs through C=C group. These nanoparticles stabilized by a biological capping agent could further be utilized for biomedical applications. 1. Introduction Nanotechnology is the study of materials that have at least one dimension in the range of 1–100？nm. Decrease in size is accompanied by elevated surface-area-to-volume ratio. Electronic and chemical properties of a material are dependent on its size. When the bulk material is reduced to nanoscale, its properties change. Such nanomaterials displaying novel properties have effective and wide utility in biological and biomedical applications. Noble metal nanoparticles such as Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd have been most effectively studied [1, 2]. Physical and chemical methods yield nanoparticles with well-defined shape and size, but these methods are expensive and potentially toxic to environment. This has created a need to develop clean, nontoxic, economical, and environmentally benign methods to synthesize nanoparticles. These concerns have led researchers to develop biological methods for synthesis of nanoparticles. Castro et al. [3] have reported synthesis of AuNPs, by intracellular or extracellular reduction of tetrachloroauric acid using bacteria. Other biosynthetic routes include fungus, marine sponge, eggshell membrane, whole plant, leaf extract, flower, and tuber extract. Numerous methods available for biosynthesis of AgNPs include bacteria,
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