FT-Raman spectroscopy was used to study the human and bovine dentin and their interactions with adhesive systems. Ten human (H) molars and ten bovine (B) teeth were prepared exposing the dentin and then each specimen was divided into two parts. The resulted forty dentin segments were treated either with the total-etch one bottle adhesive (Prime & Bond 2.1, PB) or with the single-step self-etching adhesive (Xeno III, X) and divided into four groups: HPB (control), HX, BPB, and BX. Each group was analyzed by FT-Raman spectroscopy before and after the adhesive treatment. Six regions of the Raman spectrum were analyzed and the integrated areas of organic and inorganic peaks were calculated. Bovine untreated specimens showed higher peak area of ？？content than in human specimens. Human untreated specimens had higher peak areas of and ？？contents than in bovine specimens. The peak areas of amide III, , and amide I contents were higher in human than in bovine specimens (before treatments). Treated dentin showed no significant statistical differences between the adhesives for both inorganic and organic contents considering the same substrate. However, the differences found between human and bovine specimens after adhesives application show a reduced accuracy of these substrates as a substitute to the human specimens. 1. Introduction The characteristics of dental hard tissues are the main factor to be observed when analyzing the possibilities of the replacement of human teeth by animal teeth for in vitro studies. As a candidate for human teeth replacement, bovine permanent incisors have been employed in previous adhesion studies [1–4]. It has been reported that the adhesion to the superficial layer of dentin showed no significant differences between human and bovine dentin, and the dentin bond strength decreased with the depth of dentin because of the lower density of dentinal tubules in the bovine dentin [5]. The morphology of coronal dentin and enamel is similar when comparing bovine and human teeth. Moreover, bovine teeth provide other advantages, such as similar age of the teeth and greater availability [6]. Histochemical and comparative anatomical studies have revealed that all mammalian teeth are essentially similar. Human and bovine dentin also presented similar radiodensity [7]. There is still some concern whether the results of experiments with animal teeth can be extended to the human teeth and to the clinical situation; however, ethics committees around the world have stimulated the replacement of human teeth by animal ones [7]. Considering these
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