Aneurysmal bone cyst is a pseudotumoral lesion. Complete resection prior to selective arterial embolization seems to be the treatment of choice for the more extensive and destructive lesions. In these cases maintaining stability of the cervical spine is critical. This can be very challenging in children and adolescents in whom the axial skeleton is still growing. In this case a young girl presented with a voluminous cervical aneurysmal bone cyst encaging both vertebral arteries and spinal cord. The lesion was treated with aggressive surgical resection, followed by cervical vertebral fusion with instrumentation. After nine months the patient referred no pain and no neurological deficit. MRI scans showed an extensive local recurrence. The family of the young girl refused any other therapy and any other followup. The patients returned to our attention after five years with no pain and neurological deficit. Cervical spine radiographs and MRI scans showed a complete regression of the extensive local recurrence. In the literature, the possibility of spontaneous regression of residual part or local recurrence is reported. The case of this young girl provided the chance to attend a spontaneous regression in an extensive recurrence of aneurismal bone cyst. 1. Introduction Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign, highly vascular lesions characterized by expansible blood-filled cystic cavities [1–3]. First described by Jaffe [4] and Lichtenstein [5] in 1942, these lesions constitute 1.4% of all primary bone tumours and 15% of all primary spine tumours [6, 7]. They most often affect children and adolescents, with a slight female preponderance [7]. They are responsive to different treatments and in rare instances can mature and resolve, but local recurrences are described with any type of management. The diagnosis is not always easy and their potential for rapid growth, considerable destruction of bone, and neurological involvement has led to aggressive therapy [8–10]. Complete resection prior to selective arterial embolization with or without reconstruction and stabilization seems to be the treatment of choice for extensive and destructive lesions. In these cases maintaining stability of the cervical spine is critical. This can be very challenging in children and adolescents in whom the axial skeleton is still growing [11, 12]. Special interest must be paid to the possibility of spontaneous regression and resolution after incomplete removal, particularly in recurrent cases, with attention to avoid more aggressive treatment than necessary [13, 14]. 2. Case Illustration A
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