全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Analytical Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Cold-Formed Steel Frames with Strap Brace and Sheathings Plates

DOI: 10.1155/2014/535120

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Cold-formed steel frames (CFS) are popular all over the world. In this study, we have investigated 112 frames with different bracing arrangements and different dimensional ratios with different thicknesses of sheathing plates under cyclic and monotonic loading using Finite Element Nonlinear Analysis. We also evaluated seismic parameters including resistance reduction factor, ductility, and force reduction factor due to ductility for all specimens. On the other hand, we calculated the seismic response modification factor for these systems. The maximum modification factor among shear wall panels with sheathing plates related to GWB (gypsum wall board) specimen with thickness of 15?mm was 5.14; among bracing specimens in bilateral bracing mode related to B sample was 3.14. The maximum amount of resistance among the specimens with bilateral (2-side) bracing systems belongs to the specimen C (2-side double X-bracing) with the dimension ratio of 2 (4.8?m × 2.4?m) and resistance of 305.60?kN and also among the shear wall panels with sheathing plates, it belongs to DFP (douglas fir plywood) with a thickness of 20?mm and resistance of 371.34?kN. 1. Introduction Nowadays, in many countries, the use of LSF system has been developed due to many advantages including high speed, quality, and suitable seismic performance. This system which is made of steel sections with rolled cold members came into the construction industry in 1946 [1] but its usage was limited due to noneconomic feasibility. Since 1990, LSF systems have been developed extensively for many reasons such as the rising price of wood and its limited supply of resources, environmental problems, the need to fast and mass production of housing, and the necessity of using prefabricated buildings. As today, this system has large usage in the long term and medium term construction of commercial and residential buildings in America, Canada, Australia, Japan, and many other countries [2]. One appropriate strategy to improve the seismic performances of these buildings is the use of structural sheathings or bracings. The bracings transmit the horizontal forces from the floor and ceiling levels to foundation. Zeynalian and Ronagh performed three series of full-scale shear wall tests with aspect ratios of 1?:?1 or 2?:?1 and fibre cement boards sheathed panels. Each series consisted of identical wall panels tested using a cyclic loading regime. They reported that the performance of this kind of CFS lateral resistant systems under cyclic loads is satisfactory and can be considered as a reliable system even in high

References

[1]  G. Winter, “Development of cold-formed light gage steel structures,” AISI Regional Technical Paper, 1959.
[2]  SCI, “Building design using cold formed steel section,” Publication no. 260, 1998.
[3]  M. Zeynalian and H. R. Ronagh, “Seismic performance of cold-formed steel walls braced by fiber-cement boards, School of Civil Engineering,” in Proceedings of the 1st International Postgraduate Conference on Engineering, Designing and Developing the Built Environment for Sustainable Wellbeing, pp. 214–219, Brisbane, Australia, 2011.
[4]  H. Moghimi and H. R. Ronagh, “Performance of light-gauge cold-formed steel strap-braced stud walls subjected to cyclic loading,” Engineering Structures, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 69–83, 2009.
[5]  M. Zeynalian and H. R. Ronagh, “Performance of K-Braced cold-formed steel shear walls Subjected to Lateral Cyclic Loading,” in Advances and Trends in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, A. Zingoni, Ed., CRC Press, London, UK, 2010.
[6]  M. Z. Dastjerdi and H. R. Ronagh, “Performance of knee-braced cold-formed steel shear walls subjected to lateral cyclic loading,” in Proceedings of the 20th International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Recent Research and Developments in Cold-Formed Steel Design and Construction, pp. 431–441, Missouri University of Science and Technology, St. Louis, Mo, USA, November 2010.
[7]  M. Zeynalian, H. R. Ronagh, and S. Hatami, “Seismic characteristics of K-braced cold-formed steel shear walls,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 77, pp. 23–31, 2012.
[8]  C.-L. Pan and M.-Y. Shan, “Monotonic shear tests of cold-formed steel wall frames with sheathing,” Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 363–370, 2011.
[9]  L. A. Fül?p and D. Dubina, “Performance of wall-stud cold-formed shear panels under monotonic and cyclic loading—part I: experimental research,” Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 321–338, 2004.
[10]  Y. Kawai, R. Kanno, and K. Hanya, “Cyclic shear resistance of light-gauge steel framed walls,” in Proceedings of the 15th Structures Congress, pp. 433–437, Portland, Ore, USA, April 1997.
[11]  M. Elgaaly, “Thin steel plate shear walls behavior and analysis,” Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 32, no. 1–3, pp. 151–180, 1998.
[12]  H. Moghimi and H. R. Ronagh, “Better connection details for strap-braced CFS stud walls in seismic regions,” Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 122–135, 2009.
[13]  M. Al-Kharat and C. A. Rogers, “Inelastic performance of cold-formed steel strap braced walls,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 63, no. 4, pp. 460–474, 2007.
[14]  E. F. Gad, A. M. Chandler, C. F. Duffield, and G. L. Hutchinson, “Earthquake ductility and overstrength in residential structures,” Journal of Structural Engineering and Mechanics, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 361–382, 1999.
[15]  E. F. Gad, C. F. Duffield, G. L. Hutchinson, D. S. Mansell, and G. Stark, “Lateral performance of cold-formed steel-framed domestic structures,” Engineering Structures, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 83–95, 1999.
[16]  C. Yu, “Shear resistance of cold-formed steel framed shear walls with 0.686?mm, 0.762?mm, and 0.838?mm steel sheet sheathing,” Engineering Structures, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 1522–1529, 2010.
[17]  FEMA-450, NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures—Part 1 Provisions, Building Seismic Safety Council, Washington, DC, USA, 2003.
[18]  FEMA-P750, NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures, Building Seismic Safety Council, Washington, DC, USA, 2009.
[19]  TI 809–07, “Design of cold-formed loadbearing steel systems and masonry veneer/steel stud walls,” Tech. Rep., US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineering and Construction Division, 1998.
[20]  AISI, Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing—Prescriptive Method for One and Two Family Dwellings, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, DC, USA, 2001.
[21]  AISI, North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, DC, USA, 2001.
[22]  AISI, Standard for Cold-Formed Steel Framing—Lateral Design, American Iron and Steel Institute, Washington, DC, USA, 2004.
[23]  AS/NZS4600, Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Australian Building Codes Board, 2005.
[24]  ASTM E2126, Standard Test Methods for Cyclic (Reversed) Load Test for Shear Resistance of Framed Walls for Buildings, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pa, USA, 2007.
[25]  N. M. Newmark and W. J. Hall, Earthquake Spectra and Design, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Berkeley, Calif, USA, 1982.
[26]  MSC Software, “MSC. Nastran 2012 Users Guide,” MSC. Software, 2012.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133