Novel Design of Microstrip Antenna with Improved Bandwidth

A novel design of broadband patch antenna is presented in this paper. The broadband property of the proposed antenna is achieved by choosing a proper selection of dimensions and positions of slot and notch on the radiating patch. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna is found to be 30.5% with operating frequency band from 1.56？GHz to 2.12？GHz. Antenna characteristics are observed for different inclination angles “α” and its effect on bandwidths is also reported. The maximum gain of the antenna is found to be 9.86？dBi and it achieves broadside radiation pattern in the direction of maximum radiation over the operating band. The proposed antenna structure is simulated, fabricated, and tested for obtaining the desired performance. The simulated results are verified with experimental results which are in good agreement. 1. Introduction In last few years, microstrip patch antenna attracted considerable amount of attention of researchers due to demand of its large variety of applications in different fields such as radar, aircraft, missiles, satellite communications, biomedical telemetry, remote sensing, and different other wireless applications. However, the main limitation of the conventional microstrip patch antenna is narrow bandwidth that restricts its applications [1]. Due to this reason, serious efforts started among the scientists, researchers, and designers to improve the bandwidth of the patch antenna. The bandwidth improvement is achieved by loading a different shape and size of slots and notches on the patch or in the ground plane. There are different other bandwidth enhancement techniques that are also available, but this technique is simple in design and easy in loading and improving bandwidth without increasing the volume of the structures. Therefore, a number of papers have been reported by the researchers for wireless applications such as U-slot loaded rectangular microstrip antenna, L-shaped slot loaded rectangular microstrip antenna, stepped U-slot loaded rectangular microstrip antenna, and half stepped U-slot loaded compact shorted square microstrip antenna, and edge center-shorted square microstrip antenna with stepped slot achieved bandwidth of 17.4%, 14.6%, 14.3%, 23.5%, and 17.3%, respectively [2], compact broadband slotted rectangular microstrip antenna reported 26.7% bandwidth [3], W-shaped patch antenna presented 36.7% bandwidth [4], M-slot folded patch antenna provided 21.17% bandwidth [5], E-H shaped microstrip patch antenna covered frequency range from 1.76？GHz to 2.38？GHz which is equal to 30% bandwidth [6], and V-slots corner