We first propose the concept of almost periodic time scales and then give the definition of almost periodic functions on almost periodic time scales, then by using the theory of calculus on time scales and some mathematical methods, some basic results about almost periodic differential equations on almost periodic time scales are established. Based on these results, a class of high-order Hopfield neural networks with variable delays are studied on almost periodic time scales, and some sufficient conditions are established for the existence and global asymptotic stability of the almost periodic solution. Finally, two examples and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the results. 1. Introduction It is well known that in celestial mechanics, almost periodic solutions and stable solutions to differential equations or difference equations are intimately related. In the same way, stable electronic circuits, ecological systems, neural networks, and so forth exhibit almost periodic behavior. A vast amount of researches have been directed toward studying these phenomena (see [1–6]). Also, the theory of calculus on time scales (see [7] and references cited therein) was initiated by Stefan Hilger in his Ph.D. thesis in 1988 [8] in order to unify continuous and discrete analysis, and it has a tremendous potential for applications and has recently received much attention since his foundational work. Therefore, it is meaningful to study that on time scales which can unify the continuous and discrete situations. However, there are no concepts of almost periodic time scales and almost periodic functions on time scales, so that it is impossible for us to study almost periodic solutions to differential equations on time scales. Motivated by the above, the main purpose of this paper is to propose the concept of almost periodic time scales and then give the definition of almost periodic functions on almost periodic time scales, then establish some basic results about almost periodic differential equations on almost periodic time scales by using the theory of calculus on time scales and some mathematical methods. Furthermore, based on these results, as an application, we consider the following high-order Hopfield neural networks with variable delays on time scales: where corresponds to the number of units in a neural network, corresponds to the state vector of the th unit at the time , represents the rate with which the th unit will reset its potential to the resting state in isolation when disconnected from the network and
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